Showing posts with label - - Yama no Kami - -. Show all posts
Showing posts with label - - Yama no Kami - -. Show all posts

04/11/2017

Yamanokami inoshishi wild boar

[ . BACK to DARUMA MUSEUM TOP . ]
. Yama no Kami 山の神 Yamanokami - Introduction .
. Ta no Kami 田の神 Tanokami - Introduction .
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Yama no Kami 山の神 God of the Mountain
and his messenger, the inoshishi 猪 wild boar



. Ta no Kami, Tanokami 田の神 God of the Rice Fields
and inoko 亥の子 / イノコ / 亥子 the "young wild boar" .


- - - - - Yamanokami has some animal messengers :

. Sarugami 猿神 The Monkey Deity .

. yamainu 山犬 wolf - "mountain dog" .

. inoshishi 猪 wild boar .


. shinshi 神使 divine messenger
kami no o-tsukai 神のお使い / 神の使い .

Inoshishi is the special messenger at Go-O Jinja 護王神社 and Wake Jinja 和気神社.

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. Misaki ミサキ / 御先 / 御前 / 御崎 Legends about the Misaki deity .
A deity that can bring misfortune or curses (tatari-gami 祟り神).
Yamanokami is also venerated as ミサキさん Misaki san in some regions, especially in Okayama.


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伊吹山の山の神は「白猪」White Wild Boar from Mount Ibukiyama





. Mount Ibuki 伊吹山 Ibukiyama .

Yamato Takeru was a legendary prince and warrior who traveled a lot and defeated his enemies. However, he met his demise at Mt. Ibuki when he battled an evil god disguised as a white boar.
Yamato Takeru defeated the boar, but not before the boar showered him with poisonous mist. He went to Isame no Shimizu in Samegai whose waters healed him.
Then he went on to Ise, but died soon afterward.
- source : photoguide.jp/pix/thumbnails... -

. Prince Yamatotakeru 日本武尊 Yamato Takeru .


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下河辺行平 Shimokobe Yukihira
(around 1180) tried to shoot an Inoshishi, the alter-ego of Yamanokami,
but he missed the shot. He was cursed however and died that night.



Shimokobe Soshi Yukihira was a famous archer who taught archery to shogun Minamoto no Yoriie in 1189.
He was a descendent of Fujiwara no Hidezato, a famous archer of the Heian period.
- Koga Castle 古河城 Koga-jō
The fortification at Koga may date to the late Heian period or early Kamakura period, and the Azuma Kagami refers to a fortification in Koga built by Shimokobe Yukihira before 1180, although it is not certain if it was in this location.
... He reputedly had tremendous martial skill, particularly with the bow, demonstrating his skill frequently in yabusame archery, yumi-hajime (弓始) and deer-hunting.
He later taught archery to Minamoto no Yoriie.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !


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. Legends and Tales from Japan 伝説 - Introduction .



....................................................................... Ehime 愛媛県 .....

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南宇和郡 Minami-Uwa district 城辺町 Shobencho

Yamanokami 山の神 Misaki ミサキ
A member of the Konishi family had killed an Inoshishi and was cursed by Yamanokami.
They had killed an Inoshishi which had destroyed the rice fields in Autumn, dug a shishiana 猪穴 hole to throw in the dead body of a wild boar and were thus cursed.

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南宇和郡 Minami-Uwa district 城辺町 Shobencho  御荘町 Mishocho

shishi misaki シシミサキ "Wild Boar Misaki Deity"
In 城辺町僧都 Tanabe Sozu there is a place called Shishi Misaki.
During the siege of Mount Heiizan in 1571, many people fled via 上岡 Kamioka. A soozu 僧都 high priest prayed and let them flee when a group of wild boar hunters came by. But a child cried and they were arrested and killed.
The priest and the wild boar had been an incarnation of Yamanokami and so the people now call this event Shishi Misaki.

. Misaki ミサキ / 御先 / 御前 / 御崎 Legends about the Misaki deity .




....................................................................... Gifu .....

. Hoshinomiya Jinja 星宮神社 .
shishiana 猪穴 and shishigaki 猪垣 - holes and walls and wild boars




....................................................................... Hyogo 兵庫県 .....
神崎郡 Kanzaki district 神河町 Kamikawa

山の神の祟り the curse of Yamanokami
On January 9, 1900, a hunter went hunting for Inoshishi. He had forgotten that this was 山神祭 the day of the festival for Yamagami.
When he rested at a spot where wild boars usually pass, one wild boar came trotting along. He took aim and wanted to press the trigger, when suddenly the wild boar became invisible and instead 黒牛 a huge black bull, like a monster, stood there. This beast became bigger and bigger. Going crazy with fear, he fled the spot and ran home, but never recovered.

山神祭 - おやまのかみさままつり O-Yama no Kami Sama Matsuri
. Yama no Kami matsuri 山の神祭り Yamanokami festivals .


. Yamanokami Koen 「山の神」公園 Park named Yamanokami .
福崎町 Fukusaki 西田原 Nishi-Tawara


There is a statue of a mother inoshishi イノシシ wild boar, a 妖怪 Yokai monster named Yamanokami.




....................................................................... Nagano 長野県 .....

. Monkey and wolf - messengers of Yamanokami .



....................................................................... Yamanashi 山梨県 .....
富士吉田市 Fujiyoshida

山の神の天罰 divine punishment of Yamanokami
A skilfull hunter almost shot down a wild boar at 富士の裾野 the foot of Mount Fujisan. When the animal came closer, he prayed to Yamanokami to help him win this battle and said it would be the last Inoshishi. And indeed, he could shoot the animal and carry it home. He begun boasting about his "deal with Yamanokami".
But then he went out hunting again and never came home.
When they looked for him, they found him stuck in the snow.
This was the divine punishment of Yamanokami.


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- reference source : nichibun yokai database -


. inoshishi 猪と伝説 Legends about the wild boar, Wildschwein .


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. coping with Inoshishi in my mountain area .
October 2017

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. Yama no Kami 山の神 - Table of Contents - .

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

sangaku shinkoo 山岳信仰 religion of the High Mountains is a different matter.

. Shrine, Shinto Shrine (jinja 神社) - Introduction .

. kami 神 Shinto deities - ABC-LIST - .

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- #yamanokami #godofthemountains ##inoshishi #wildboar -
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12/10/2017

Yamanokami juunisama

[ . BACK to DARUMA MUSEUM TOP . ]
. Yama no Kami 山の神 - Introduction .
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Yama no Kami 山の神 God of the Mountain
and juunisama, jūni sama 十二様 Juni Sama
"Honorable 12" deities,

another name for this male / female mountain deity

In some regions, Juni Sama is seen as two deities, husband and wife.

His / her messengers are Okoze, the stonefish and Okojo, a kind of weasel.

. Tanokami 田の神 and legends about
okoze 虎魚 / 鰧魚 / オコゼ stonefish and オコジョ Okojo weasel.

with legends from Gunma and Nagano.



hondo okojo ホンドオコジョ Mustela erminea nippon

The name of this deity varies from region to region,
十二山の神 Juni Yamanokami, 十二山神 Juni Yamagami . . .
Shrines in his / her honour are called 十二神社 Juni Jinja, 十二大明神 Juni Daimyojin,
大山祇十二神社 Oyamazumi no Mikoto Juni Jinja . . .
These deities are often venerated at 12 stone memorials or in 12 small shrines.



The explanations of the name are various too, some from a Shinto and others from a Buddhist background as a group of 12 honorable deities :

1 - A deity giving birth to 12 children in one year (one for every month)
2 - A deity that has given birth and raised 12 children.

3 - A place where 12柱の神 12 deities are venerated.

4 - . 12 incarnations of Amida Nyorai - 十二光仏 / 十二光佛 Juni Kobutsu .

5 - . 12 zodiac animals 十二支 Juni Shi .

6 - . 12 Kumano Junisha Gongen Avatars from Kumano 熊野十二所権現 .

7 - . 12 Ten Deities, 12 Devas 十二天 Juni Ten, Jūniten .

8 - . 12 Heavenly Generals 十二神将 Juni Shinsho .
12 Warrior Generals . 12 Divine Generals of Yakushi Buddha
Each of them represents one heavenly direction, one of the twelve hours of the day and one of the twelve months of a year.


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heisoku 幣束(へいそく) ritual paper wand
Yamanokami venerated as Juni Sama has given birth to 12 children in one year.
He is venerated as a mountain deity that brings 山の豊穣 a rich mountain harvest.


source : kan*an1*57

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熊野十二社 (くまのじゅうにそう) Edo Kumano Juniso
Kumano Juniso Gongen no Yashiro Shrine
Kumano no Yashiro, Juniso Gongen no Yashiro



This began during the Oei Era (1349-1427), when a man called Suzuki Kuro came from Kishu and he enshrined deities the Juniso of his hometown Kumano. The name of the surrounding area is called Juniso.
The Juniso Pond which was located at the west side of Kumano-jinja Shrine, was used as a reservoir for the town of Tsunowazu, and there is a legend that a woman drowned herself and became a giant serpent. There was a waterfall on the eastern side and it was popular as a scenic spot.
- source : national diet library -

. Twelve Shrines at Tsunohazu in Yotsuya .
Yotsuya Tsunohazu Jûnisô ike Kumano yashiro


. 12 Kumano Junisha Gongen Avatars from Kumano 熊野十二所権現 .


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. Legends and Tales from Japan 伝説 - Introduction .


....................................................................... Fukushima 福島県 .....
南会津郡 Minami-Aizu

十二山神 Juni Yamagami
Juni Yamagami is seen as husband and wife. Near the hamlet is the shrine 山神神社 Yamagami Jinja.
It houses two statues, a husband and wife.


toorigami 通り神 Kami passing by
Once a woman felt very ill and had an itinerant shaman look at her problem.
He told her she had peed on a spot where Juni Sama uses to pass by. He performed ablutions and soon the woman was healed.

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Minami-Aizu 檜枝岐村 Hinoemata

山の神 Yamanokami and 十二大明神 Juni Daimyoji
At the hut for the hunters it is customary to take water ablutions every morning before entering the forest and pray to Juni Sama.
He is also called 十二大明神 Juni Daimyojin or 大山祇命 Oyamazumi no Mikoto.

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fuchikari 貂 / フチカリ,heko ヘコ weasel, marten
If someone dies in the mountains, his soul can be transferred to a weasel.
At the foot of the mountain, Juni Sama and Fuchikari are venerated every morning and evening.
Fuchikari gets special food offerings.




....................................................................... Gunma 群馬県 .....
There are quite a few legends about Juni Sama in Gunma.

Komochiyama 子持山 Mount Komochi "having children" 1296 m
渋川市 Shibukawa town



- Long Japanese explanation is here
- reference source : 偏平足 -

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Gunma 吾妻郡 Azuma district

hitotsu manako ヒトツマナコ "one eye"
Juni Sama is a female deity who gave birth to 12 children in one year, one in every month.
This is most probably the same as the deity called Hitotsu Manako, who comed to the village on the 30th day of the 11th lunar month.

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Gunma 吾妻郡 Azuma district 六合村 Kunimura

Okojo オコジョ weasel
Dried Okoze fish is called okojo オコジョ. If it is offered to Juni Sama, the Weasel, there will be a good hunting season.
But the offerings have to be made in the correct way. If they are placed with both hands, the hands might disappear with the offering.
The Weasel often stays with one family and watches over their well-being.

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Gunma 倉渕村 Kurabuchi

yamainusama 山犬様 Yama-Inu Wolf Deity
Once upon a time, the Wolf Deity had given birth in the shrine of Juni Sama. People then brought special rice offerings to celebrate.

. Yamanokami messenger, the inugami 犬神 Wolf Deity .


O-Tengu sama お天狗様
On the night of the tenth people prepare special mochi餅 ritual rice cakes and make offerings to the small shrines of 八幡様 Hachiman Sama, 十二様 Juni Sama, 道陸神 Dosojin, the Wayside Deities and O-Tengu sama, the local Tengu.
The Mochi for the Tengu are especially long and narrow, called
O-Tengu Sama no Obi お天狗様の帯 Belt of the Tengu.
They are placed on the roof of the small sanctuary, cut in 108 small stripes.
Other offerings are long radish and chrysanthemums.
In some regions, people take the Mochi home after making an offering and eat them.
In 三ノ倉 Sannokura they are called Tengu no Sawa Mochi 天狗のサワ餅. People either place them on the sanctuary and leave or they take home an offering that had been made by a person before them.
This is called Tengu Sama no Omigoku 天狗様のオミゴク Offering for the Tengu.

. tookanya 十日夜 night of the tenth .
tenth day of the tenth lunar month, with special rituals

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Gunma 沼田市 Numata city 利根町 Tone village

In Tone they make offerings to Juni Sama, because in former times a goze 瞽女 blind itinerant woman had been killed there and cursed the region.

. goze 女盲, ごぜ, ゴゼ, 瞽女 blind woman .

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Gunma 利根郡 Tone district 片品村 Katashina

inukuguri イヌクグリ plant, Veronica polita, Grey Field-speedwell
inu kuguri 犬潜り - "a dog walks through it"
This is a plant / tree, which is not allowed to be cut down in the mountain forest. It has two stems and the branches become one as it grows. Yamainu ヤマイヌ the Mountain Dog, messenger of Juni Sama, walks through this.


Tengu sama 天狗様
Trees with two-pronged roots sticking out on a mountain road or at a swamp are sacred to Juni Sama.
Tengu also like to rest on them. So they are not to be cut down.


Juunisama no shimeharigi 十二様のシメハリギ Sacred tree of Juni Sama
The 注連縄 ritual Shimenawa rope is fastened around this tree, which is sacred to Juni Sama (Yamanokami) and thus not te be cut down.
If someone cuts it, he will be crushed by 十二様の鳥居 the torii Gate of the Shrine for Juni Sama.

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Gunma 碓氷郡 Usui district 松井田町 Matsuida

In this region on the border to 上越国 Joetsu, Yamanokami is called "Juni Sama".





....................................................................... Kanagawa 神奈川県 .....
藤野町 Fujino

The ubugami 産神 deity of birth is called Juns Sama in the hamlet of 藤野町名倉 Nagura in Fujino.

. ubugami 産神 "deity of birth" .
guardian deity of pregnant women, newborn babies and one's birthplace

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Kanagawa 鎌倉 Kamakura 十二所 Juniso

Juniso Jinja 十二所神社
This shrine is located up in the mountain, at the foot of Asahina pass.



- quote -
Beyond a stone shrine gate, of a myojin-style torii (明神鳥居), lies the main building directly ahead. To the right of the main hall are three small shrines: Yamano Jinja (山の神社), Hoso Jinja (疱瘡神社) and Usa Hachiman Jinja (宇佐八幡神社).
A large, heavy-looking stone to the right of the torii is called Hyakukan-ishi (百貫石, or Hyakkan-ishi). The stone, long neglected, weighs roughly 110 kilograms and was once a popular object of weightlifting at shrine festivals. Further to the right stands Kaguraden Hall (神楽殿), for sacred music and dances.
... Early in the Meiji period (1867-1912), under a government policy of separating Shintoism and Buddhism, the shrine was moved from the grounds of Kosokuji Temple (光則寺) in the neighborhood to its present site and dedicated to
seven deities in Heaven and five deities presiding on Earth.
At the same time, the name was changed to Juniso Jinja Shrine from
Kumano Juniso Gongensha (熊野十二所権現社).
- source : kcn-net . org - Juniso Jinja 十二所神社 -




....................................................................... Niigata 新潟県 .....

. juunikko ジュウニッコウ(十二講) Junikko .
prayer groups

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中魚沼郡 Naka-Uonuma district 川西町 Kawanishi

Juni Sama is a male mountain deity who protects women giving birth. He also helps with a good harvest.
The 12th day of the second lunar month is dedicated to this deity, when he leaves the mountains to go to the fields as Tanokami.
He comes back in Autumn after the harvest.

Yamanokami 山の神
Wheat bran (karako, カラコ, 麩) is offered to Yamanokami and then given to children to help them grow up healthy. JuniSama descends to the fields in spring and comes back after the harvest.

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長岡市 Nagaoka 成願寺町 Joganji

山の神 Yamanokami and 十二神社 Juni Jinja
Once the deity of 十二神社 the Shrine Juni Jinja, Yamanokami, fell down in a field of garlic and lost one leg,
looked at the ears of wheat and lost one eye.
So he is now known as 片目片足の神様 the Deity with one Eye and one Leg.
Since then it is forbidden in the village to eat ニンニク garlic or 麦 wheat.
Children born in the village of Joganji are often born with one eye much smaller than the other.




....................................................................... Yamagata 山形県 .....

Yamagami Jinja to fuufu katsura 山神神社の夫婦カツラ
and the "Husband-and-Wife Katsura tree

katsura 桂 Japanese Judas tree, Cercidiphyllum japonicum



The trees are about 26 m high.
In 新庄市北部 the North of Shinjo is 不動山 Mount Fudoyama (546 m). At the entrance of the shrine are two large Katsura trees.
These two 門カツラ Katsura trees at the gate keep any Oni demons from entering the compound.

- 山形県新庄市萩野土内 Tsuchiuchi Hagino, Shinjō-shi
- reference source : hitozato-kyoboku.com/yamagamijinja... -




....................................................................... Yamanashi 山梨県 .....
北都留郡 Kita-Tsuru district

. 十二天様 Juni Ten Sama,十二天神 Juni Tenjin .



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- reference source : nichibun yokai database -
- reference : 十二様 -
tba

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. Yama no Kami 山の神 - Table of Contents - .

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

sangaku shinkoo 山岳信仰 religion of the High Mountains is a different matter.

. Shrine, Shinto Shrine (jinja 神社) - Introduction .

. kami 神 Shinto deities - ABC-LIST - .

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

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- #yamanokami #godofthemountains #tanokami #juunisama -
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30/08/2017

Tanokami mai dance

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. Ta no Kami 田の神 - Table of Contents .
. Yama no Kami 山の神 - Table of Contents - .
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Ta no Kami Mai, Tanokami Mai 田の神舞 Dance Rituals for Tanokami
and Yama no Kami 山の神 


Some are quite funny . . .



湯之尾神舞 At Yunoo Hot Spring in Kagoshima

. . . CLICK here for more Photos !


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- - - - - Kagoshima - - - - -



. Kagoshima Jingu 鹿児島神宮 Festival .

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an agricultural Ta-no-Mai 田の舞 Ta no Mai dance

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田の神舞 kagura 神楽 Kagura dance

Hayachine Kagura "Yama no Kami Mai"

Ta no Kami Men 田神面 / 田の神面 masks for Kagura dance

. . . CLICK here for Photos !

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. Ta no Kami 田の神 - Table of Contents - .

. Yama no Kami 山の神 - Table of Contents - .

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

sangaku shinkoo 山岳信仰 religion of the High Mountains is a different matter.

. Shrine, Shinto Shrine (jinja 神社) - Introduction .

. kami 神 Shinto deities - ABC-LIST - .

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

[ . BACK to DARUMA MUSEUM TOP . ]
[ . BACK to WORLDKIGO . TOP . ]
- #tanokami #godofthefields #tanokamimai #tanokamikagura -
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29/08/2017

Chijin Earth God

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. Ta no Kami 田の神 - Table of Contents .
. Yama no Kami 山の神 - Table of Contents - .
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jigami, jishin, chigami, chijin 地神 Kami of the Earth / the Land
Chiten, Jiten 地天 "Earth Deva"

- - - - - another name for
. Ta no Kami 田の神 God of the Fields .




- quote -
Ji-ten, whose name means "earth deva,"
guards the downward direction and is the god of the earth. He is also called Kenro chijin.

On the more down-to-earth animistic beliefs of rural Japan,  he comes as Yama no Kami and Ta no Kami, the God of the Mountains and the Fields, who changes his residence twice a year, retreating in autumn to the mountains and coming back in spring to the fields. This is a fascinating tale of its own.

In Shinto, when a mountain is considered an object of worship, a yamamiya may be established at the summit or on the side of the mountain, as at Sengen Jinja on Mt Fuji. In some cases, the yamamiya may be regarded as an "interior shrine" (okumiya) in contrast to a shrine located in a village (see satomiya) or lower on the mountain.
Some scholars see the yamamiya associated originally with ancestor worship, and thus also with the dual complex of mountain god (yama no kami) and rice field god (ta no kami).
- source : Kokugakuin


. Kenroo chijin 堅牢地神 Kenro Earth Deity .

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Jiten - Earth Deva; Skt : Prthivi


Guards the downward direction; god of the earth.

Jiten's counterpart is Bonten (Brahman), who guards the upward direction.
- source and more - Mark Schumacher


- - - - - More about
. 風水天地の神様 Gods of the four elements - wind, water, heaven, earth .


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- quote -
Jiten 地天(じてん)とか Kenro Jijin 堅牢地神(けんろうじじん)とよばれる地の神です。
お釈迦様がお悟りになられた時に地から湧出されたといわれる神さまです。
大地をあらわす花籠に花盛って手にしておられます。
地鎮祭(じちんさい)などで勧請して供養しその土地の安寧を祈ります。

おん びりちびえい そわか - on birichibiei sowaka
(おん普遍の諸仏に帰命す。びりちびえい地天のために、そわか成就あれ)
- reference source : blogs.yahoo.co.jp/kanmankiriku...-


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. Japanese Legends - 伝説 民話 昔話 – ABC-List .

. Yama no Kami 山の神 God of the Mountain - Legends .


....................................................................... Gunma 群馬県 .....
.......................................................................
甘楽郡 Kanra district 南牧村 Nanmoku

Jishin san 地神さん is venerated on the festival day of Yamanokami.
He gets offerings of 大根の初物 the first radish.




....................................................................... Kagoshima 鹿児島県 .....

. jigami 地神 / ジガン Jigan (in the local dialect) .

jigan 地眼(地元) "eyes of the land"
- 南の地神
- reference source : yatsu-genjin.jp/suwataisya/jinja/jigami -





....................................................................... Niigata 新潟県 .....

鬼神 Kijin,山の地神 Yama no Chijin
越後国古志郡国上の寺に塔を建てたが、三度落雷により倒壊した。ある僧が塔の側で法華経を誦したら雷鳴とともに童男が縛られて落ちてきた。童男はその地の地神で塔があると住めないので壊したと語った。冷泉を出すと赦してやると言ったら泉が湧き、四十里四方に雷が落ちなくなった。





....................................................................... Yamanashi 山梨県 .....
東八代郡 Higashi-Yatsushiro district 御坂町 Misakacho

At the graveyard, a bluish fire-light was seen every night. The villagers were afraid, thinking it was the soul of a villager and did not even dare to pass the road during daytime.
玉吉 Tamakichi wanted to see it for himself and went out one evening, carrying 地神の魂の扇 a hand fan with the soul of the Jigami in one hand. When he reached the graveyard, he could see the bluish light. While fanning with his hand fan he went closer. The ground of the grave was still fresh so Tamakich started to dig, found the coffin bound with a cord and pulled it up.
But it was not a coffin but a hookei 包茎 (the dictionary says: a phallus with phimosis).

here is another version of Tamakichi and jishin no oogi 地神の扇 the hand fan of Jishin.
夢のお告げを聞いた玉吉は、朝早くに万年橋に向かい、お告げ通り扇を手に入れた。家では長年家から出たことのない玉吉がいなくなったので大騒ぎをしていたが、ぼろぼろの扇で仰ぎながら帰ってきた。大水害の後で家は建て直したが地神は祭っていなかったので、早速屋敷神を祭って地神祭をした。しばらく後、玉吉は体も治り仕事をするようになった。村人がこれを聞き、病気になると扇であおいでもらうようになった。仰いでもらうと、すぐに病気は治ったという。

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- reference source : nichibun yokai database -
63 to explore 地神 (01)
地神塔

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. Ta no Kami 田の神 - Table of Contents - .

. Yama no Kami 山の神 - Table of Contents - .

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. Shrine, Shinto Shrine (jinja 神社) - Introduction .

. kami 神 Shinto deities - ABC-LIST - .

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28/08/2017

Tanokami shanichi day of the shrine

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. Ta no Kami 田の神 - Table of Contents .
. Yama no Kami 山の神 - Table of Contents - .
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Ta no Kami, Tanokami 田の神 God of the Fields
Shanichi Sama, Shajitsu Sama 社日様 God of the Shrine Day
Sakugami Sama 作神様 God of the Harvest


- quote -
shanichi 社日
The tsuchinoe day nearest to the vernal and autumnal equinoxes; the "irregular holiday" (holidays celebrated on days when the sun is not situated at one of the 24 equal divisions of its annual orbit) celebrated on those two days.
Individually the two are called shunsha (the "vernal shanichi") and shūsha (the "autumnal shanichi"), but if one simply says shanichi then it usually refers to shunsha. On these days, people take a break from farming, and a custom of meeting in shanichikō (shanichi community associations) and chijinkō (earth kami community associations) also exists.
Also, the spring shanichi is considered to be the standard day for the soaking and softening of seeds.
In China, shanichi was the festival day for celebrating the sha (Ch: she), which refers to the "land kami," the "tribal kami," or the celebrations devoted to them. The date of shanichi celebrations in China varied by region and time period, but their functions generally have not: the spring shanichi was to pray for agricultural production and the autumn shanichi was to express gratitude for the harvest and to divine the coming harvest year.
Japan's shanichi celebrations also came from these traditions, but as it spread from region to region, the content of the events took on great variation.
For example, people living in Tokushima Prefecture have a custom in which they call on Ojishisama and celebrate that kami in parish festivals in which the tōya (secular households overseeing the ritual in their area) pounds mochi.
On shanichi, the people of Nagano Prefecture honor the ta no kami, or "kami of the fields," in their celebrations. They believe that in the spring, the ta no kami descends from the mountains to watch over the rice cultivation and returns again to the mountains in the fall, and worship him by pounding mochi in both spring and autumn.
In Oita Prefecture's Hida basin, people call this holiday "sajitsu," or "saji" and believe that on the saji in February, the kami Sakugamisama descends from heaven and in the autumn saji he ascends to heaven.
In part of Fukuoka Prefecture's Kaho District, people call it oshioi, and have a custom of purifying the house within and without using ocean sand brought home from the beach.
- reference source : Kokugakuin - Yumiyama Tatsuya 2007 -


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. Legends and Tales from Japan 伝説 - Introduction .

....................................................................... Miyagi 宮城県 .....
栗原市 Kurihara

毘沙門様 Bishamon Sama
Bishamon Sama is a greedy deity. If one borrows money it has to be given back in double.
He is also seen as Sakugami.
On the 13th day of the first month, farmers place 20 soy beans into the hearth. If they all become black, it will be a good harvest this year.
If only half will get black, only half of the good harvest.
On the 15th day of the 6th month, cucumbers are offered in the hope they will induce 豊作 a good harvest.

. Bishamon-Ten 毘沙門天 Vaishravana .


....................................................................... Miyazaki 宮崎県 .....
西臼杵郡 Nishi-Usuki district 鞍岡町 Kuraoka

Daikoku Sama 大黒様 is seen as 作神様 Sakugami Sama.

. Daikoku Ten 大黒天 Daikoku Sama .


....................................................................... Nagasaki 長崎県 .....

Sakugami Sama is called セン神様 / センガミサマ Sengami Sama.


....................................................................... Niigata 新潟県 .....
南魚沼郡 Minami-Uonuma district 六日町 Muikamachi

社日様 Shajitsu Sama,田の神様 Tanokami Sama,作神様 Sakugami Sama
On the Day of the Shrine in Spring (shunsha 春社) (usually in the third month) in the early morning before the birds begin to sing, Tanokami is coming down. Since he likes fish, people make offerings of fish salad, fish soup and rice with soy beans. Farmers get up early and put 鍬 / 鋤 the hoes and plows outside the barn for blessings. This is an equivalent for the ritual tauchi 田打ち the first "hitting of the fields".
From the Shrine Day in spring until the Shrine Day in autumn (usually in the ninth month) the deity seen as 作柄 the supervisor of the harvest.
If the deity comes late in spring and leaves soon in autumn, it will be a good harvest, because this deity likes to eat a lot, and if he stays too long, the harvest will suffer.

シャジツサマ Shajitsu Sama
Rituals for this deity are held on the nearest 戊の日 Day of the Wild Boar close to the spring and autumn equinox.



- Related Kigo for Spring -
. shanichi, shajitsu 社日 "day of the shrine" .
..... "day of the shrine" shanichi 社日)、shanichi sama 社日様(しゃにちさま)
..... visiting the shrine day, shanichi moode 社日詣(
..... rain on the old man of the shrine, shaoo no ame 社翁の雨
..... swallows of the shrine, sha en 社燕
This day varies according to the Asian Lunar Calendar.

The god of the earth had a special festival twice a year around the spring and autumn equinox to welcome him and send him off. The day was defined to be the "light or elder day of the earth" tsuchi no e 戊, according to the Asian lunar calendar and the knowledge of the five elements.
This day is also called "Shrine Day" shanichi 社日. On this shrine day, farmers would assemble at the local shrine and dance for the gods, praying for a good harvest in spring (shunsha 春社)and thanking for a good harvest in autumn(shuusha 秋社 Shusha).
In autumn, the god of the earth was then sent off to the mountain, to live there until next spring as the "god of the mountain, yama no kami 山の神.

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東蒲原郡 Higashi-Kanbara district 鹿瀬町 Kanosemachi



On the evening of the 15th day of the second month in Spring 16 rice balls are made as an offering, 二月の十六団子 nigatsu no juuroku dango.
On the next morning, they are eaten by the family. Before eating them, the empty 臼 mortar is hit with the mallet to make a sound, in order to make the Sakugami come down from heaven.
In Autumn on the 15th day of the 10th month another set of 16 rice balls is prepared, this time the 十月の十六団子 juugatsu no juuroku dango.
This time the mortar is not hit with the mallet, but the mallet is simply laid over the mortar. This is put on a high place in the kitchen, to show the Sakugami the way back to heaven.

. dango 団子 and ritual offerings .

.......................................................................
佐渡郡 Sado district

シャニチサマ Shanichi Sama
Rituals for this deity are held on the nearest 戊の日 Day of the Wild Boar close to the spring and autumn equinox.
If the deity comes late in spring and leaves soon in autumn, it will be a good harvest, because this deity likes to eat a lot, and if he stays too long, the harvest will suffer.


....................................................................... Oita 大分県 .....
速見郡 Hayami district 日出町 Hiji

In the hamlet of 南畑部落 Nanbata Shanichi Sama is venerated as 田の守り神 the protector deity of the fields.


....................................................................... Shiga 佐賀県 .....
東松浦郡 Higashi-Matsuura district 鎮西町 Chinseicho

kitsune 狐 fox
Each farm house venerates 稲荷様 the rice Deity Inari sama as the Sakugami Sama on the day hatsu-uma 初午, the first day of the horse .
The Inari Kami of the 藤田家 Fujita family came from Kyoto

. hatsu-uma 初午 First Day of the Horse .
in February

Inari Jinja 稲荷神社 First Day of the Horse at Fox Shrines 

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- reference source : nichibun yokai database -
社日様 / 作神様

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sangaku shinkoo 山岳信仰 religion of the High Mountains is a different matter.

. Shrine, Shinto Shrine (jinja 神社) - Introduction .

. kami 神 Shinto deities - ABC-LIST - .

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Tanokami, Yama no Kami Legends

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. Ta no Kami 田の神 - Table of Contents .
. Yama no Kami 山の神 - Table of Contents - .
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Ta no Kami, Tanokami 田の神 God of the Fields
Yama no Kami 山の神 God of the Mountain


. Legends and Tales from Japan 伝説 - Introduction .

Many legends involve both names of this deity.
In some regions he is coming down to the fields three times a year to watch over the harvest.


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....................................................................... Fukui 福井県 .....

Most rice farming communities celebrate the departure of Tanokami after the harvest. Some have a special matsuri 祭り Tanokami festival, where children participate in a parade.
Children carry a kodomo mikoshi 子供神輿 protable shrine along the paths of the harvested fields, to express gratitude. Then they walk past each farming house and finally the Mikoshi is placed back in the shrine of the 氏神 Ujigami.



- quote -
The most important 15 villages are:
無悪、山内、長江、下吉田、上吉田、脇袋、瓜生、井ノ口、天徳寺、神谷、日笠、兼田、武生、玉置、上野木.

祭りの当日、子どもたちは集落の氏神にお参り、お祓いを受けた神輿(子ども達により事前に飾りつけられる)を先頭に、子ども達が並び、道中を賑やかに太鼓を叩き、「さんよーれー さんよーれー」等と掛け声をかけ、田植えの済んだ田んぼを見回り、その後各家を巡回する。訪問を受けた家では、安置された神輿に参拝し、お供えをする。集落の全戸を巡回すると神輿を氏神に納め祭りが終了する。
- reference source : info.pref.fukui.jp/bunka/bunkazai...-

. ujigami 氏神 and ujiko 氏子 local worshiper, parishioner of a Shinto shrine .


....................................................................... Niigata 新潟県 .....
南魚沼郡 Minami-Uonuma district 六日町 Muikamachi

. 社日様 Shajitsu Sama,田の神様 Tanokami Sama,作神様 Sakugami Sama .
Shajitsu Sama, Shanichi Sama 社日様 God of the Shrine Day
when this Kami comes down to the fields or leaves for the mountain



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北蒲原郡 Kita-Kanbara district 紫雲寺町 Shiunjimachi

koosaku no kamisama 耕作の神様 Kosaku no Kami, Deity of Cultivation
Tanokami comes down to the fields on the 16th of the third month and goes back to the mountain on the 16th of the 11th month.
On both days farmers are not allowed to go either to the mountain or to the fields. They prepare 16 botamochi - ohagi ボタモチおはぎ sweet rice balls as offerings on the kamidana 神棚 family shelf of the Gods. They also prepare sekihan 赤飯 auspicious red rice as an offering, finally eaten by the family.
Tanokami is seen as a Deity of Cultivation who resides in the mountain.
Even when he goes back to the mountain in Autumn he is not called 山の神 Yama no Kami.

. ohagi おはぎ sweet wrapped rice cakes .

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- - - - - A legend from Okinawa about Kosaku no Kami :

There is a kaiushi 怪牛 monster bull with eight horns and eight legs, sometimes even 16 legs (8 in front and 8 in back) called ナマントカナシ Namantokanashi.
It beats the fields with its many legs and is thus a 耕作の神様 Kosaku no Kami.



................................

. Takeminakata no Mikoto 津御名方命 as Deity of Cultivation .

.......................................................................
中蒲原郡 Naka-Kanbara district 村松町 Muramatsumachi

O-Ta no Kami お田の神 "Honorable Tanokami"
Early in the morning of the 16th day of the 3rd month, people hit the empty mortar to produce a welcoming sound for the Tanokami to come down from the mountain. They prepare 16 karako dango カラコ団子 rice dumplings as offerings in the tokonoma 床の間 alcove. In the evening soy beans are boiled and eaten.
On the 16th day of November (the 10th lunar month in the old calendar) they celebrate the Day of O-Tanokami, when the Deity goes back. Again, they prepare karako dango, this time as an offering in the kamidana 神棚 family shelf of the Gods. The Deity fries these dumplings near 炉縁 the fireplace and then leaves for the mountain.


....................................................................... Yamagata 山形県 .....
西置賜郡 Nishi-Okitama district 小国町 Oguni

Tanokami dango 田の神団子 dumplings for Tanokami
On the 15th and 16th of the 10th month, Tanokami goes back to the mountains.
People prepare special dumplings for him and offer them on the 米びつ container to keep rice.
They hit the mortar with the pestle to make a special sound.

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- reference source : nichibun yokai database -
43 田の神 山の神 to explore (13)

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sangaku shinkoo 山岳信仰 religion of the High Mountains is a different matter.

. Shrine, Shinto Shrine (jinja 神社) - Introduction .

. kami 神 Shinto deities - ABC-LIST - .

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24/08/2017

Yamanokami Regional 19 Miyagi

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. Yama no Kami 山の神 Yamanokami - Introduction .
. Ta no Kami 田の神 Tanokami - Introduction .
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Yama no Kami 山の神 God of the Mountain
and Legends from Miyagi 宮城県


. Legends about Yamanokami 山の神と伝説 .



Yamanokami Sha 山神社(やまのかみしゃ)Shrine
宮城県遠田郡美里町 Toda district, Misato town, Kogota
Kogota (小牛田町 Kogota-chō) was a town located in Tōda District, Miyagi
the Yamanokami Shrine and various ancient burial mounds dating from before 250BC.

山神社は、崇徳天皇の御代である永治元年(1141年)、摂津国の住人で、現宮司家の祖先である小山田清寧 Oyamada Kiyoyasu が家の守り神として勧請したのが始まりだと伝えられている。その後、清寧の後裔である浄円が元亀2年(1571年)に神璽(神体)を奉じて、陸奥国遠田郡小牛田旧屋敷にやってきて移り住み、天正3年(1575年)には祠を建てて神体を鎮め祀ったという。
寛文2年(1662年)、仙台藩により小牛田駅が造られ、南小牛田村の町割りが行われた際に旧屋敷地区から近くの南小牛田町屋敷地区に間口九間・奥行四間の社殿が造営され、そこに遷座した。 ...
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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akakura no yamanokami 赤倉の山の神 Yamanokami from Mount Akakura
Once a woman was happy to announce to the ancestors that she had brought up her children and went to worship at Mount Akakura. But there she was possesed by Yamanokami.

. Mountains named Akakura .

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heso no o へその緒 umbilical cord
After giving birth, a woman gets an amulet from Yamanokami and some hemp rope to wrap around the umbilical cord. Together with the name and date of birth she puts it in a bag and keeps it.
When the person thus born dies, this bag is placed into the coffin (in the Matsushima and Sendai region).

. heso no o へその緒と伝説 Legends about the umbilical cord .

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. Tengu no kamikakushi 天狗と神かくし / カミカクシ abduction .
If a child gets lost and does not come home any more, people of old thought it was taken away by a Tengu or Yamanokami.
So they took bells and gongs and went to the mountain forest to search.
Once a child got lost while playing "hide and seek" till late in the evening and thought it was taken away by Yamanokami !


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makura 枕 pillow
As a wish for a save birth, a woman has to go to 塩釜神社 Shiogama Jinja Shrine and to the shrine for Yamanokami and get a pillow from each one. After a safe birth, she brings back the pillows.
The pillow is usually kept at the kamidana 神棚 shelf of the Gods.
During birth, it is kept near the pillow of the woman. Very seldom it may be borrowed to a woman in the neighbourhood who does not have one.

. kamidana 神棚 household Shinto altar, "shelf for the Gods" .


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. mochi 餅と伝説 Legends about rice cakes .
okasane mochi オカサネ餅 piled-up rice cakes
A decoration for the New Year. After offering them to Yamanokami, they are eaten by the family members.
If they have cracks, the weather in the coming year will be fine.
If they have no cracks, there will be a lot of rain in the coming year.


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osaidogiyaki オサイドギヤキ burning the offerings
On the evening of the 15th day of the first lunar month, the offerings for Yamanokami were burned at the entrance of the home.
If all the offerings of soybean shells and straw burned down, the coming year would bring a good harvest.
If some parts remained, there would be a rather bad harvest.

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Takebera Taro 竹箆太郎 Shippei Taro

. The legend of the spiritual dog Hayataro 霊犬早太郎伝説 .
Nagano, Kozen-Ji Temple : Legend of 岩見重太郎 Iwami Jutaro (Kanesuke Susukita) and Shippeitaro (Hayataro)


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yamairi no kinki 山入りの禁忌 taboos about going to the mountain
On the 12th day of the second lunar month was 山の神の祭日 the Festival of Yamanokami and nobody was allowed to go into the mountain forest.
But one day a young fellow went to the forest to cut down a tree. On a huge boulder deep down the river walley he saw a half-naked woman with long black hair. When he called at her, she gave him a strange look. He fled in a hurry, but later became ill and died soon after.
This woman was Yamanokami.

... matagi no kinki マタギの禁忌 taboos for bear hunters
If the wife of a hunter had given birth, her husband should not go to the mountain for 27 days, because Yamanokami dislikes 穢れ unclean things.
Others say they had to stay out of the mountain forest until the seventh night was over.
If a hunter would go anyway, he did not find any animal to shoot. Others would loose their way and not come home.
Another hunter was found having committed suicide in the forest . . . and more strange tales are told.

. matagi 又鬼 - マタギ と伝説 Legends about bear hunters .

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伊具郡 Igu district 丸森町 Marumori

. Sanno Iwaya 山王岩屋,Sarutobi 猿跳 Monkeys Jumping .
山王権現 Sanno Gongen and 安倍貞任 Abe no Sadato
阿武隈川峡谷 the gorge of river Abukuma

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刈田郡 Katta district 七ヶ宿町 Shichikashuku

. zaimoku iwa, zaimoku-iwa 材木岩 Timber Rocks .
and the river 白石川 Shiroishigawa,

. Kobo Daishi 弘法大師 and Zaimoku-Iwa .
at Gifu 岐阜県, 上宝村 Kamitakaramura, 双六 Sugoroku

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栗原郡 Kurihara district

Yamanokami does not like the love song サンサシグレ "sansa shigure" , which is song for various rituals.
Forest workers are not allowed to hum the melody while working.
Hunters are not allowed to use the word MONKEY while they are in the moutains.

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栗原郡 Kurihara district 花山村 Hanayama village
花山村御嶽山(石楠花山)The mountain is also called Shakunage Yama.
Ontake Jinja, Miyagi 御嶽神社 with Shakunage fields.
- reference source : miyagi-kankou.or.jp... -

御嶽山の神 Ontakesan no Kami / Mitakeyama no Kami
Mount Ontake / Mitake in Miyagi is only 472 m high.
During the season the whole moutain seems covered with rhododendron, Shakunage.
If someone comes to pick the flowers, the weather will turn bad, because Yamanokami, who loves these flowers, becomes angry.

. shakunage 石南花 rhododendron .

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黒川郡 Kurokawa district 大和町 Taiwa

tomeyama 止め山 "rest of the mountain"
On the 12th day of the 10th lunar month, villagers observe a day of "Rest of the Mountain", when Yamanokami goes back to the mountain.
This day and the 12th day of the second lunar month are the days when Yamanokami walks in the mountains.
People who do forest work on these days will get some heavenly punishment.

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仙台市 Sendai city 太白区 Taihaku

. 万二万三郎 The Brothers Banji and Banzaburo .

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Taihakuyama no Kami 太白山の神 Yamanokami from Mount Taihaku
udo 独活 Japanese Spikenard
Since Yamanokami lost her eye when trying to get some spikenard, the villagers at the foot of the mountain never grow or eat this vegetable.
. udo 独活 Japanese Spikenard, Aralia cordata, .

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登米郡 Tome district

. hibashira 火柱と伝説 Legends about a pillar of fire .
On the 12th day of each month, the Day of Yamanokami, people are not allowed to go into the forest.
People make a pillar of fire. If someone is hit by a pillar of fire, his home will have a fire.
That is the curse of sakasabashira 逆さ柱 the upside-down pillar.

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- reference source : nichibun yokai database -

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. Legends about Yamanokami 山の神と伝説 .

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. Yama no Kami 山の神 - Table of Contents - .

. Legends and Tales from Japan 伝説 - Introduction .

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sangaku shinkoo 山岳信仰 religion of the High Mountains is a different matter.

. Shrine, Shinto Shrine (jinja 神社) - Introduction .

. kami 神 Shinto deities - ABC-LIST - .

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