Yama no Kami 03 Tengu

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. Yama no Kami 山の神 - Introduction .
. Ta no Kami 田の神 - Introduction .
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Yama no Kami 山の神 God of the Mountain
and Tengu 天狗 the Mountain Goblin



. Tengupedia - 天狗ペディア　- Tengu ABC-List .

. Yama no Kami 山の神 God of the Mountain - Legends .


- collecting
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. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

. Yamanokami, 山犬 Yamainu (wolf) and Tengu - Legends .

. Yamanokami, Tengu and taiko 太鼓 beating the big drum .
Aichi, Nagasaki, Toyama (matogi) - tengubayashi 天狗ばやし Tengu plays festival music


. Yamanokami no yadorigi 山の神さんの宿り木 sacred tree for Yamanokami .


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.......................................................................　Aichi 愛知県 .....

山の神 Yamanokami，yamainu, yama-inu 山犬 wolf
Yamanokami venerated as a wolf and Tengu live in the deep and high mountains and are venerated there.

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宝飯郡 Hai district 音羽町 Otowa

A Tengu (other sources quote Yamanokami) stood on a large boulder. On 山の講の日 the Day of Mountain God Rituals, the villagers came close and Tengu took a sharp look at them, calling each one by his name. Since then, the villagers did not dare to go to the mountain again on that day.




.......................................................................　Fukui 福井県 .....
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武生市 Takefu 坂口村 Sakaguchi

Tengu san 狗さん
The festival for Yamanokami is on the 9th day of the first and 12th lunar month. They say Yamanokami is a Tengu.
If people go to the mountain forest before 10 in the morning, they will get an injury.
Yamanokami is planting seeds for the coming year and does not want to be disturbed.
Special trees in the forest are sacred to Yamanokami and used 天狗の御休み場 by the Tengu to rest.

. Yamanokami and Legends from 福井県 Fukui .

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遠敷郡 Onyu district 名田庄村 Natasho

The scroll for rituals of the 山ノ神講 Yamanokami prayer group shows a Tengu sitting on a huge tree.
The charcoal makers often hear the sound of a huge Tengu drum. There is also a huge 天狗岩 Tengu rock.
During the rituals for 六斉念仏 Rokusai Nenbutsu there is also the sound of a huge drum.
When the charcoal makers work, they hear the sound, but if they stop working, they do not hear it.

. Tengu and Legends from 福井県 Fukui .




.......................................................................　Fukushima 福島県 .....
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福島市 Fukushima city

Yamanokami is male and seen as a Tengu.
He comes to the villages on the the first day of the new year, the 17th of the second and 10th lunar month.
On these days all forest workerd assemble at the home of their leader, prepare mochi 餅 rice cakes and drink Sake.
If someone goes to the mountain forest and faces a calamitiy, they say it is the curse of Yamanokami.

. Yamanokami and Legends from 福島県 Fukushima .





.......................................................................　Gifu 岐阜県 .....
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郡上郡 Gujo district

tengudaoshi, tengu-daoshi 天狗倒し /テングダオシ Tengu breaks down trees
Yamanokami is a person with a long red nose and dislikes Buddhist recitals. He breaks down trees and scatters leaves with strange sounds. This is called Tengudaoshi.
Spme people think Yamanokami and Tengu are the same, others think Yamanokami is like a small child, inviting people into the deep forest and causing harm. Food offerings for Yamanokami are made like food for children, so that he will never be hungry.

About 90 years ago, a man named トラタロウ Torataro went to the mountain and did not come home for three days and nights. All went out to look for him, beating drums. They found him sitting high on a tree. Yamanokami or maybe Tengu must have dragged him up there !

People making charcoal are venerating Yamanokami as a woman. She does not like unclean things and human women coming to the mountain.
Others say she is a Tengu.
On hatsu-tora 初寅 the first day of the Tiger in the second lunar month people are not allowed to go into the mountain forest. If they do, Tengu comes and counts them as one more tree.

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吉城郡 Yoshiki district 上宝村 Kamitakara

During 大原騒動 the Ohara uprising in 1771 there was 太郎助 Tarosuke from Hara, who had gotten special strength from Yamanokami. At あかさか峠 Akasaka Pass a bull had gotten stuck and could not move any more. What happened? When they looked there was a Tengu. So Tarosuke just kept going and the bull followed him slowly with the help of Yamanokami.

. Yamanokami and legends from Gifu .




.......................................................................　Gunma 群馬県 .....

山の神は天狗 Yamanokami is seen as a Tengu in most regions of Gunma.
He is also called 山祇 Yamasomi, Yama Somi, a Tengu, especially at 相州の大山 Mount Oyama at Sagami and 上州の妙義山 Mount Myogisan in Gunma.

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吾妻郡 Azuma district 六合村 （くにむら） Kuni mura

Tengu is seen as a 山の荒神 Wild Mountain Deity. If people pray to him close to their home, they will be cursed.

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群馬郡 Gunma district 倉渕村 Kurabuchi

O-Tengu Sama お天狗様 is Yamanokami.
On the 15th day of the 9th lunar month, all villagers celebrate with miki お神酒 ritual Sake and sekihan 赤飯 red auspicious rice.

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甘楽郡 Kanra district 南牧村 Nanmoku

Ogura no Yamanokami 小倉の山の神 at 小倉山 Mount Ogurayama
Tengu is the kenzoku 眷属 attendant of Yamanokami.
Tengu likes fire, so he is venerated in places where houses can not be seen.

Okubo no Yamanokami 大久保の山の神 at 大久保山 Mount Okubo
On the top of 四ツ又山 mount Yotsumatayama is venerated.
On the peak on the right ロクヤサン Rokuya san is verneated. (rokuya 六夜 ?)
On the peak to the left Atago san 愛宕サン is venerated.

Ogami no Yamanokami 大上の山の神 is venerated at 大上山 Mount Ogami
On the 24th day of the first lunar month, the village headman makes a ritual wand and prays to Tengu and Inari.
Yamanokami is a male deity and protects the forest workers.

Shimohoshio no Yamanokami下星尾の山の神 at 下星尾山 Mount Shimohoshiosan
The deity of this mountain is a Tengu.

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みどり市 Midori town 東町 Azumacho

A madogi 窓木 "window tree" has branches bent like a window. Yamanokami and Tengu like to sit there and watch below.
These trees are not to be cut down.

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多野郡 Tano district 上野村 Uenomura

At 笠丸山 Kasamaruyama (1,124 m) villagers come to venerate Yamanokami on the night of tookanya 十日夜 tenth day of the tenth lunar month.
On this night, Tengu sama is off to Izumo and Yamanokami has to be the rusuban 留守番 caretaker.

On the night of the tenth people prepare special mochi 餅 ritual rice cakes and make offerings to the small shrines of 八幡様 Hachiman Sama, 十二様 Juni Sama, 道陸神 Dosojin, the Wayside Deities and お天狗様 O-Tengu sama, the local Tengu.
The Mochi for the Tengu are especially long and narrow, called O-Tengu Sama no Obi お天狗様の帯 Belt of the Tengu. They are placed on the roof of the small sanctuary, cut in 108 small stripes.
Other offerings are long radish and chrysanthemums.
In some regions, people take the Mochi home after making an offering and eat them.
In 三ノ倉 Sannokura they are called Tengu no Sawa Mochi 天狗のサワ餅. People either place them on the sanctuary and leave or they take home an offering that had been made by a person before them. This is called Tengu Sama no Omigoku 天狗様のオミゴク　Offering for the Tengu.

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利根郡 Tone district 片品村 Katashina

. juuni sama 十二様 Juni Sama, "Honorable 12" deities, .
Trees with forked roots or trunks belong to Yamanokami (as Juni sama) and the Tengu. They are not to be cut down.

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碓氷郡 Usui district 松井田町 Matsuida

A tree with a three-forked trunk belongs to Yamanokami. Tengu also come to sit here. These trees are not to be cut down.

. Yamanokami and legends from Gunma .




.......................................................................　Hiroshima 広島県 .....
東広島市　Higashi-Hiroshima　八本松町 Hachihonmatsu

On the 6th day of the first lunar month, people take away the kadomatsu 門松 corner decorations.
On this day Yamanokami gets an offering of zoosui 雑炊 rice porridge.
Tengu gets 燗始 his first hot sake and the forest workers take a rest.




....................................................................... Ishikawa 石川県　 .....
能美郡 Nomi district 新丸村 Shinmaru-mura

Yamanokami is the same as a Tengu.
On days were it is not allowed to go to the mountain, all forest workers must rest. If someone does not keep this taboo and goes to work, he will get hurt and have other misfortunes.




....................................................................... Iwate 岩手県　 .....
下閉伊郡 Shimo-Hei district 岩泉町 Iwaizumi

Yamanokami no hooki 山の神の箒 broom of Yamanokami
A 吉野桜 Yoshinozakura cherry blossom tree which is befallen of the tengusubyoo 天狗巣病 "nest of a Tegnu", witch's broom disease is called
"Broom of Yamanokami".

A witch's broom or witches' broom is a deformity in a woody plant, typically a tree, where the natural structure of the plant is changed. A dense mass of shoots grows from a single point, with the resulting structure resembling a broom or a bird's nest.
- quote wikipedia-




....................................................................... Kanagawa 神奈川県　 .....

In a mountain forest where Yamanokami is venerated, there is 大松 a large pine tree where a Tengu lives.
One day a beautiful girl from the village went missing. This mist have been the wicked deed of a Tengu. When they searched around the pine tree, they found the girl sitting there.

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津久井町 Tsukui

A tree with a two-forked or three-forked trunk belongs to Yamanokami. If such a tree is cut down, a Tengu will come for revenge.




.......................................................................　Kochi 高知県 .....
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吾川村 Agawa village

A pinetree which looks like an umbrella is called 傘松 Kasamatsu.
It is sacred to Yamanokami and also a tree where the Tengu take a rest.

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大川村 Okawa village

The Tengu laughs with a voice that sounds like a mountain slide. He likes trees with two trunks and Yamanokami no hooki 山の神の箒 broom of Yamanokami.
Trees where Yamanokami is resting are called マドキ Madoki or メウトギ Meutoki



.......................................................................　Kyoto 京都府 .....
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亀岡市 Kameoka

There lives a Tengu at 篠村の長尾 Nagao in Shino mura village.
On the 9th day of the first lunar month, the day of Yamanokami, he throws the seeds of shino 篠 bamboo grass to the villagers who come for a ritual. Those who are hit by it will have bad luck, a fire or other disaster in the coming year.



.......................................................................　Nagano 長野県 .....
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東筑摩郡 Higashi-Chikuma district 四賀村 Shiga mura village

The yamainu 山犬 wolf is the messenger of Yamanokami,so are the monkey and the wild boar.
Yamanokami has a wild temper and is also seen as the ancestor or an incarnation of the Tengu.

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北安曇野郡 Kita-Azumino district 小谷村 / おたり Otari

Tengu is seen as a kind of monster with one eye and one leg. Or maybe a yamainu 山犬 wolf.



.......................................................................　Niigata 新潟県 .....

A forest worker suddenly became a high fever and headache and hurried back home. This illness was the curse of Yamanokami, seen as Tengu. This often happens on a sunny day.
大抵、日暮れ時に起こる。これを治すには、男子が藁製の胴蓑を逆さに着て大祭に蓋をもって、患者に向かってハライタマヘキヨメタマヘと唱えて三度あおいで風を当てるといいという。





.......................................................................　Oita 大分県 .....

. Tenguzoo 天狗像, Tenguyama 天狗山 / 阿蘇野峠 .




.......................................................................　Shimane 島根県 .....

. Yamanokami and Yamanba 山姥 / 山ン婆 mountain hag monster .
Yamanba is another name for Yamanokami, others say it is the wife of a Tengu.
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. Taboo words for Yamanokami and Tengu .




.......................................................................　Tokushima 徳島県 .....

. cutting down a 銀杏 a Gingko tree .





.......................................................................　Tokyo 東京都 .....
神津島 Kozushima island

. cutting down sugi no ki 杉の木 an old cedar tree .




.......................................................................　Toyama 富山県 .....

Since Tengu is Yamanokami, his name is never used, people just say ano hito アノヒト "this person".
yatsudaikouchi ヤツダイコウチ means the Tengu beats a large drum with eight colors.
If people hear this sound, they should not go to the mountain forest.
The 20th day of the first lunar month is the festival for Yamanokami. On this day the Tengu play
hanetsuki 羽根つき / hagoita 羽子板　Battledore, Shuttlecock and people should not go into the mountain forest.
.
yamanobaba ヤマンババ the old hag from the mountain does not do bad things.
There is also a yama otoko ヤマオトコ "mountain man", but he is different from Yamanokami.

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中新川郡 Nakaniikawa 上市町 Kamiichi town

Tengu live in trees with a Y shape. They are the same as Yamanokami and can fly freely in the sky. They also kick people around, if they have done bad things.
Women shuold not go alone into the mountain forest.

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西砺波郡 Nishitonami district 福光町 Fukumitsu town

Someone stayed n the mountain hut over night and heard the sound of trees falling down, but next morning not one tree was on the ground.
Next day he took some sake 酒 rice wine and pourd it at the roots of the trees, thus the noise stopped.
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Tengu sama no ki テングサマノキ tree of Tengu sama
Two trees which have joined on the way up to form one trunk are called
kamisama no ki カミサマノキ or Tengusama no ki テングサマノキ.
The Tengu pass between these trees and they thould not be cut down.

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下新川郡 Shimoniikawa district

On the festival day for Tengu people should not go into the mountain forest.
If they do the Tengu will capture them and eat them.

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高岡市 Takaoka city 福岡町 Fukuoka town

The forest workers say that Yamanokami (Tengu sama) is coming to the forest on the 9th day of the 12th lunar month to collect 木の実 nuts from trees.
On the 9th day of the 3rd lunar month he plants the seeds and nuts.
The menfolk celebrate in the 12th lunar month on that day to express their gratitude. preparing
goheimochi ゴヘイモチ / 五平餅 rice dumplings and drink a lot of sake 酒 rice wine.

. gohei mochi, goheimochi 五平餅 grilled rice dumplings .





....................................................................... Wakayama 和歌山県　 .....

The deity of 大峯山 Mount Ominesan is a Tengu. He follows the orders of Yamanokami.




....................................................................... Yamaguchi 山口県 .....
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美弥郡 Mine district

. Katsuragi san 桂木山 Mount Katsuragi (702 m) .
..... Yamanokami no mori 山の神の森 "the forest of Yamanokami".




.......................................................................　Yamanashi 山梨県 .....

. toriigi トリイギ（鳥居木） Torii tree .
Tree grown in the form of a Torii Shinto gate.

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. . tengudaoshi 天狗倒し "Tengu knocking down trees" . .
- in 甲府市 Kofu city 中道町 Nakamichi machi town

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- reference source : nichibun yokai database -
99 to collect

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. Yama no Kami 山の神 - Table of Contents - .

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sangaku shinkoo　山岳信仰 religion of the High Mountains is a different matter.

. Shrine, Shinto Shrine (jinja　神社) - Introduction .

. kami　神　Shinto deities - ABC-LIST - .

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