Japan - Shrines and Temples

02/05/2013

Imamiya shrines

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Imamiya 今宮 Imamiya branch shrines
bunshi　分祀 - 分祠, bunsha　分社 "branch shrine"
niimiya, shinguu 　新宮　"new shrine"

They belong to a honguu 本宮　Hongu main shrine and are often in the same compound as the main shrine.

quote
Bunshi
A branch shrine. From the main shrine, the resident deity ( saijin ) may be entreated (kanjō) to impart (bunrei) the divine presence to another location as well, through the construction and dedication of a new small shrine (hokora) or branch shrine. Such is also called a bunsha, niimiya, or imamiya.
Instances of these can be seen in efforts to provide those living far away from the main shrine with opportunities for worship and, in the Meiji Period, to build branch shrines for settlers arriving in newly developed regions such as Hokkaidō and bringing their native deities with them.
source : Nishioka Kazuhiko, Kokugakuin 2007

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Imamiya Jinja 今宮神社
Kyoto - 京都市北区紫野今宮町

Deities enshrined:

Onamuchi no mikoto - center　中御座：大己貴命
Kotoshironushi no mikoto - East　東御座：事代主命
Kushinadahime no mikoto　- West 西御座：奇稲田姫命

at Eyamisha　疫社　（Shrine to protect from disease):　
Susano no mikoto　素盞鳴命

eyami えやみ (疫病み) epidemy

794A.D. It is said that there was a small shrine which enshrined a deity of good health before 794, the year Heian Palace was built.

About 1000 years ago, a shrine building was build at present Imamiya jinja shrine’s place for protection against sickness and disease. The deity of good health, which had already resided in this area, was enshrined in this building. This shrine building was named Imamiya jinja shrine, which means new shrine.

English HP of the shrine
source : www.imamiyajinja.or

Omamor, Amulets and Talismans
Yasurai hitogata
This is a human effigy to pray for one’s good health. The shape of this human effigy was taken from Oni who dance in the Yasurai festival parade. An offered human effigy is purified and a priest prays for the good health of the people that offered it.
source : www.imamiyajinja.org

Details about Imamiya Jinja, Yasurai Festival and
. aburimochi, aburi mochi あぶり餅 slightly roasted dumplings .
It has been prepared for more than 1000 years, when the plague was raging in Kyoto. The shrine has been built in 1001 in order to appease the god of the pest. Now even in sprng for the festival they serve these dumplingt to the gods and hope for health for all inhabitants of Kyoto.
(Second sunday of April)

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Imamiya Ebisu Jinja 今宮戎神社
Osaka - 大阪市浪速区恵美須町

quote
Everyone in the merchant city of Osaka knows the Imamiya-Ebisu Jinja Shrine.
This shrine, which was founded in 600 by the order of Prince Shotoku, is visited annually by a million people, who pray to ’Ebessan,’a god of business, for commercial prosperity. During the Toka Ebisu Festival, people buy sacred bamboo branches decorated with lucky items in hopes for the success of their businesses. Many visit the shrine during the three days of Jan. 9 through 11, especially on the day of Toka Ebisu (held on the 10th).
source : www.osaka-info.jp/en

. WKD : Tooka Ebisu 十日戎 Ebisu festival on January 10 .

. 今宮戎神社の縁起物玩具 amulets from Imamiya Ebisu shrine .

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. betsuguu, betsugū　別宮 Betsugu separate shrines - bessha　別社 .
shinguu shingū 新宮 Shingu "new shrine"

. honsha 本社　- honguu 　本宮 main shrine .

. Shrine, Shinto Shrine (jinja　神社) - Introduction .

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をけら祭今宮の鯛届けらる
okera sai Imamiya no tai todokeraru

Okera festival -
a sea bream from Imamiya
has been delivered

Ishikawa Yoshisuke 石河義介

In Osaka at Kamagasaki 釜ケ崎 the whole area around the temple Tennooji 天王寺 Tenno-Ji was called "Imamiya". It was close to the fishing grounds of Sumiyoshi.
Since the beginning of the Tokugawa Edo period, it was customary to offer sea bream from Imamiya to the Gozushi shoo (Mizushi Dokoro) 御厨子所, the "Imperial Kitchen" on the New Year's Day.
- Reference : www.kamamat.org

. WKD : Okera mairi 白朮詣 Okera festival .

on New Year to get a bit of the sacred flame of okera, which is a medical herb, from the Shrine fire.

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小火騒ぎありて今宮宵戎
boya sawagi arite Imamiya Yoi Ebisu

the fuss about
a small fire - Night Festival
at Imamiya Ebisu shrine

Gotoo Onihashi (Kikyoo) 後藤鬼橋 Goto Onihashi

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二股の幹に一つ葉水分社
futamata no miki ni hitotsu ha Mizu Bunsha

a forked tree trunk
with one leaf - a shrine
for sharing water

Ibaraki Kazuo (Ibaragi) 茨木和生
(1939 - ) Haiku poet from Nara

There are various shrines called Mikumari Jinja 水分神社.

. Mikumari Jinja 御子守神社 Shrine for Childbirth .

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01/05/2013

Ichi no Miya shrines

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Ichi no Miya, Ichinomiya 一の宮 Ichi no Miya shrines
一ノ宮、一の宮、一之宮
sooja 総社　Soja shrines、"combined shrines"

lit. "first shrine". The most prominent shrine in each province.
The shrine usually has a different name too.

. Izumo no Kuni Ichi no Miya 出雲国一之宮 - Kumano Taisha 熊野大社 .

source :　www.f-tax.jp/photo
Aichi prefecture, Ichi no Miya town, collecting money 愛知県一宮市

. Masumida Jinja　真清田神社 Ichinomiya city .

quote
Ichinomiya, (literally first shrine) is a shrine occupying the highest rank among the shrines of a province. A sōja is the shrine established in each province which collectively enshrines all of the deities being worshipped at other shrines within the province.

Sōja was originally a generic term for a "combined shrine" where all the kami within a region were collectively enshrined. Such shrines were established not only by the provincial government but also at temples, shōen (manors), and family residences. However, when discussed alongside ichinomiya, sōja ordinarily refers to a provincial combined shrine.

Both types of shrine emerged during the latter half of the Heian period, and both ichinomiya and sōja occupied central positions among provincial shrines in the late Heian and medieval periods. In the Heian period, provincial governors (kokushi) began a precedent of worshipping at the prominent shrines of their assigned provinces. The kokushi was also responsible for the management of shrines within his province and and for their performance of ritual observances. The kokushi offered heihaku and conducted other ritual procedures as the occasion demanded. Ichinomiya are thought to have originated from the classification and ranking of shrines within a province to facilitate the provincial governor's execution of such ritual duties.

Another theory believes that the provincial governors probably gave official sanction to shrine rankings that had occurred naturally and spontaneously within each province, rather than having taken the initiative to establish such rankings themselves. In any case, the classification of ichinomiya followed by ninomiya　二の宮 (second shrine) and sannomiya　三の宮 (third shrine) functioned as a quasi-official ranking of shrines. This ranking did not always remain fixed; in some cases, fluctuations in the relative power of shrines resulted in shifts in their ranking.

The first mention of sōja in the historical record is the reference to Inaba sōja in the entry for the 15th day of the second month of 1099 in the Tokinoriki (The Diary of Taira-no-Tokinori, also called the Jihanki). According to "Records of Hakusan" (Hakusan-no-ki), the sōja of Kaga province was first established by the Kaga provincial governor who enshrined the kami of the province's main shrines in one place to ease the labor of traveling to worship at the province's various shrines. Although this labor-saving notion is also said to have accounted for the foundation of other sōja, some question whether this is the sole factor.

A sōja could consist of either a new shrine established near or inside the "provincial admininstrative offices" (kokufu) or an existing shrine newly designated as a sōja. In the latter case, the ichinomiya sometimes doubled as the sōja.

The sōja frequently served as the venue for ritual procedures involving the kokuga (the office of the kokushi) such as the ceremony of the installment of a newly appointed governor. Furthermore, the sōja is deeply connected to the province's ichinomiya and other prominent shrines; for example, it became customary to conduct rites at the sōja in advance of worshipping and offering heihaku at the ichinomiya and other shrines.

Based on such characteristics, ichinomiya and sōja are thought to have emerged from the late Heian to medieval periods during the process of establishing the provincial shrine system. Through the kokuga rituals performed there, it is thought that there were intended to serve as the spiritual centers for both the local bureaucrats (zaichō-no-kan-nin) and land-owning class (kokujin).

Unlike the provincial governor, who was dispatched from the Heian capital, the zaichō-no-kan-nin were local residents working as officials in the kokuga, and the kokujin were local landowners. In addition, the latter half of the eleventh century — when ichinomiya and sōja were being formed in the provinces — coincided with the near completion of the "Twenty-Two Shrine System" (Nijūnishasei) in the Kinki region.

Due to this fact, some scholars view ichinomiya, sōja, and the "Twenty-Two Shrines" as having all appeared due to similar trends toward integrating kansha (government shrines).
Note also that sōja (総社) can also written using other characters, such as 惣社 and 奏社.
Moreover, even today, many shrines around Japan bear the name of ichinomiya or sōja. There are also examples where these terms have become toponyms, including Ichinomiya City in Aichi Prefecture, Kazusa-Ichinomiya in Chiba Prefecture, and Sōja City in Okayama Prefecture.
source : Namiki Kazuko, Kokugakuin 2007

quote
Ichi-no-miya (jap. 一宮, 一の宮, 一之宮, wörtlich: „Erster Schrein“)
bezeichnet die obersten Shintō-Schreine der früheren Provinzen Japans.
Die erste gesicherte Nennung dieses Begriffs Ichi-no-miya in dieser Bedeutung findet sich im Konjaku Monogatarishū aus dem frühen 12. Jahrhundert.
Auflistung:
©　More in the German WIKIPEDIA !

When prefectures were established in the Meiji period, the old system of provincial ichinomiya was not changed. Each new prefecture had one or more ichinomiya.
List of shrines :
©　More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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Temari uta is a song that Japanese children sing to count while bouncing or catching a small ball ten times, each time saying the name of a deity or famous temple or shrine.

first of all there is Ichi no Miya is the first line.

一番初めは一の宮　..... ichiban hajime wa Ichi no Miya
二また日光中禅寺
三また佐倉の宗五郎
四また信濃の善光寺
五つは出雲の大社(おおやしろ)
六つは村村鎮守様
七つは成田のお不動さん
八つは八幡の八幡宮
九つ高野の弘法様
十で東京泉岳寺 ..... too de Tookyoo Sengakuji

. temari uta 手毬歌 ball bouncing song　 .

. kanpeisha 官幣社 imperial shrines .
Some shrines are the "first shrines" called ichinomiya.

. Mimasaka no Kuni Ichi no Miya 美作国一宮 . Tsuyama town, Okayama
Nakayama Jinja 中山神社

. Shrine, Shinto Shrine (jinja　神社) - Introduction .

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. Echigo Ichi no Miya 越後一の宮 - Iyahiko Jinja, Yahiko Jinja 彌彦神社 / 弥彦神社 .

越後一の宮豪快に杉花粉
Echigo Ichi no Miya gookai ni sugi kafun

Echigo
Ichi no Miya shrine - tremendous
cedar pollen

Yoshida Mikai 吉田未灰
(1923 - )

降る雪の卍と越後一の宮
furu yuki no manji to Echigo Ichi no Miya

in the falling snow
the swastika 卍 and Echigo
Ichi no Miya shrine

Yamazaki Hisao 山崎ひさを

. Blind women from Echigo and haiku 越後女盲 .

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Kai Ichi no Miya 甲斐一の宮 - Asama Jinja 浅間神社

source :　sinnmonn.blogspot.jp

HP of the shrine - Yamanashi 山梨県笛吹市一宮町一ノ宮1684
source : asamajinja.jp

桃の花甲斐一の宮暮れにけり
momo no hana Kai Ichi no Miya kure ni keri

peach blossoms
shrine Kai Ichi no Miya
in evening twilight

Suzuki Shigeko 鈴木しげ子

甲斐一の宮門前の袋掛
Kai Ichi no Miya monzen no fukurokake

shrine Ichi no Miya
in Kai and in front of the gate
bagging fruit

Oonishi Yasuo 大西八洲雄 Onishi Yasuo

. fukurokake 袋掛 "packing fruit in paper bags" .
kigo for all summer
bagging apples, peaches and other fruit into bags to protect them from insects and the summer rain.

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Musashi Ichi no Miya 武蔵一の宮 - Hikawa Jinja 氷川神社
Saitama 埼玉県さいたま市大宮区高鼻町一丁目407番地 / Saitama, Omiya Ward, Takahanacho, 1-407

The city of Omiya 大宮 "great Shrine" is named after this shrine. The access road from the first Torii gate to the shrine is about 2 km long!
And the many buildings in the compound are overwhelming.

..... the shrine was established during the reign of Emperor Kōshō in 473 BC.
The district of Omiya, literally "Great Shrine", derives from the special favor shown by Emperor Meiji, who raised Hikawa above all other shrines in the Kantō region.
Surrounding the shrine is a large park in which there are many cherry blossom trees, a zoo and a museum.
This main shrine has 59 branch shrines in Tokyo and 162 branch shrines in Saitama Prefecture.
As many as 290 daughter shrines exist across Japan, all named "Hikawa". ...
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

This shrine is famous for its amulets for ENMUSUBI, finding a good partner or binding and bonding of any kind.

In a special inner garden there are white sacred pebbles. Every morning 20 are selected, wrapped in white pure hemp bags and sold on this day.
The shrine has also a lot of other amulets,
. . . CLICK here for more Photos　 !

. enmusubi 縁結び to find a good partner .

. Kawagoe Hikawa Jinja 川越氷川神社 enmusubi .
. Hikawa Jinja 氷川神社 Akasaka 赤坂 Tokyo .

冬杉に月照り武蔵一の宮
fuyu sugi ni tsuki akari Musashi Ichi no Miya

pines in winter and
moonlight on Musashi
Ichi no Miya shrine

. Mizuhara Shūōshi, Shuuooshi 水原秋桜子 Mizuhara Shuoshi .

武蔵一の宮寒明けの串だんご
Musashi Ichi no Miya kan ake no kushi dango

shrine Musashi
Ichi no Miya - end of the cold
and dumplings on skewers

Kawamura Masako 川村正子

. kushidango 串だんご / くし団子 dumplings on skewers .

黒揚羽武蔵総社の相撲かな
kuro ageha Musashi Sooja no sumoo kana

black swallowtail -
sumo wrestling at the shrine
of Musashi

Saitoo Kafuu 斉藤夏風 Saito Kafu

. black swallowtail - sprangle, kuro ageha 黒あげは / 黒揚羽 / 黒鳳蝶 .

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. Higo Ichi no Miya 肥後一の宮 - Aso Jinja 阿蘇神社 .
肥後一の宮春の田を鷭歩き
友岡子郷

. Hitachi Ichi no Miya 常陸一の宮 - Kashima Jinguu 鹿島神宮 Kashima Jingu .
常陸一の宮の神威の雷ぞこれ
村松紅花

. Ise Ichi no Miya 伊勢一の宮 - Ise Jinguu 伊勢神宮 Ise Jingu .
神々の伊勢一の宮お元日
松崎鉄之介

. Oyamato Ichi no Miya 大和一の宮 - Ooyamato Jinja 大和神社 Oyamato Jinja . Nara
大和一の宮三輪明神の屠蘇給ぶ
安住敦

. Shinano Ichi no Miya 信濃一の宮 - Suwa Taisha 諏訪大社 . Nagano
初詣諏訪は信濃の一の宮
西本一都

. Yamashiro Ichi no Miya 山城一の宮 - Kamo Mionya Jinja 賀茂御祖神社 .
Kyoto, Shimogamo

破魔矢受く山城の国一の宮
hamaya uke Yamashiro no kuni Ichi no Miya

getting my New Year's arrow
at Yamashiro Province shrine
Ichi no Miya

Gotoo Hinao 後藤比奈夫

. Hamaya, 破魔矢, arrow for the New Year .

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Hokudan Ichi no Miya 北淡の一の宮 - Awaji Ichi no Miya 淡路一ノ宮　- Isanagi Jingu いざなぎじんぐう
Hyogo 兵庫県津名郡一宮町多賀740　

北淡の一の宮より旅始め
廣渡秀子

Iyo Ichi no Miya 伊予国一の宮 - Ooyamatsumi Jinja 大山祇神社 Oyamatsumi Jinja
Ehime, Imabara, Omishima Island 愛媛県今治市大三島町宮浦
早苗田に網張る伊予の一の宮
阿波谷和子

. hitorizumoo 　一人相撲 / 一人角力 Hitori Sumo - one-man sumo .
at Oyatsumi Shrine

Mino Ichi no Miya 美濃一の宮 - Nanguu　Taisha 　南宮大社　Nangu Taisha
Gifu 岐阜県不破郡垂井町宮代
槻の根の泉や美濃の一の宮
鈴木しげ子

. Nanguu　Taisha 　南宮大社　Nangu Taisha, Nanu Grand Shrine .

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一の宮の大日だまりや七五三
山崎房子

初乗の単線一の宮詣
高橋香帆

大いなる椎の若葉の一の宮
梁取久子

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San no Miya, Sannomiya　三の宮 San no Miya shrines

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紅梅や女三の宮の立ち姿
koobai ya Onna San no miya no tachisugata

red plum blossoms -
the standing figure of
Onna Sannomiya

. Masaoka Shiki 正岡子規 .

Here it is the name of a beautiful lady. Onna Sannomiya 女三宮, the legal wife of Hikaru Genji.

source :　hama/gallery/kaiga-yousai
painting by Yoosai Nobukazu 楊斎延一

. WKD : Genji Monogatari　源氏物語 .

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30/04/2013

onsha - venerable shrine

Look at more photos :
source :　4travel.jp/domestic

御社や庭火に遠き浮寐鳥
miyashiro ya niwabi ni tooki ukinedori

this venerable shrine -
in the ritual garden fire far beyond
water birds sleeping in their nests

niwabi　庭火　bonfire lit during a shrine festival at night.
garden watch fire

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御社壇に小春の爺が腰かけて
goshadan ni koharu no jiji ga koshikakete

at the venerable shrine
on an Indian summer day
an old man just sits there

shadan at Toyama, Oyama Jinja Zendate Shadan 雄山神社前立社壇

shadan 社壇 "main shrine", place of worship
see below

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御社雪囲ひして雪すくな
on-yashiro yukigakoi shite yuki sukuna

the venerable shrine
protected by a snow shed
but little snow

In regions with heavy snow in Northern Japan, buildings have to be protected during the winter season.

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田の上に春の月ある御社
ta no ue ni haru no tsuki aru on-yashiro

above the fields
the full moon of spring
above this venerable shrine

. Takano Sujuu 高野素十 Takano Suju .

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どんぐりを踏み割り保良の御社
川崎展宏

凍る池小さし御社いと小さし
高木晴子

初霞して御社の杉にほふ
柴田白葉女

寄生木の春のみどりの御社
川崎展宏

御社に花の東京の標準木
高澤良一

御社の水汲む息を白くして
小林ゆき子

村歌舞伎演ず御社えごま干す
八牧美喜子

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shadan 社壇 "main shrine", place of worship

. Masaoka Shiki 正岡子規 visiting shrines and temples .

彳むや社壇から見る稻の雲
tatazumu ya shadan kara miyuru ina no kumo

from this shrine
situated so venerably I see
the thunder clouds

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社壇百級秋の空へと登る人
社壇百級秋の月へと上る人
shadan hyakyuu aki no tsuki e to noboru hito

hundred steps to the shrine
toward the full moon of autumn
people climb up

source :　www.matsuyama-guide.jp

These stone steps lead up to the shrine Shinonome Jinja 東雲神社 near the castle of Matsuyama, where Shiki lived.
This shrine had been established by lord Matsudaira Sadamichi 松平定通 (1805 - 1835) of the Matsuyama domaine. There are in fact 201 steps to climb up.
The shrine was once located within the castle compound.

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29/04/2013

yamamiya and satomiya

source :　oobuchi2012
Yamamiya Sengen Jinja 山宮浅間神社 - for Mount Fuji

quote
"Mountain shrine" and "village shrine."
In cases where a shrine complex is composed of multiple sanctuaries, the one located at the top or midway up the side of a mountain is called the yamamiya (mountain shrine), while the one located near human habitation at the foot of the mountain is called the satomiya (village shrine).
The yamamiya may also be called the okumiya or okusha (remote shrine), while the satomiya found low on the mountain is sometimes called the shimosha (lower shrine　下社).

According to generally accepted views, satomiya were first established as expedients to allow more convenient worship of kami originally enshrined in remote yamamiya located higher on the mountain. In some cases, a single yamamiya may be associated with multiple satomiya.

Also, while the satomiya normally functions as a shrine continuously throughout the year, the yamamiya is accessible only during festivals, and during the period from spring until early fall, when the mountain is considered "open" to visitors. Representative examples of yamamiya-satomiya pairs include the shrines
Mitake Jinja　御嶽神社, Sengen Jinja　浅間神社, and Kanasana Jinja　金鑚神社.
source : Nakayama Kaoru, Kokugakuin 2005

. okumiya 奥宮 "innermost shrine" Okumiya shrine .

. Yama no Kami　山の神 God of the Mountains, Ta no Kami 田の神 God of the Fields.

. Yama no Sachi 山の幸 Food from the Mountains,
. Umi no Sachi 海の幸 Food from the Sea.
and related deities

. Sengen Jinja 浅間神社 . for Mount Fuji 富士山
and the Yoshida no Himatsuri 吉田の火祭り Yoshida Fire Festival

. Shrine, Shinto Shrine (jinja　神社) - Introduction .

under construction
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山宮の笛きこえくる汐干かな
yamamiya no fue kikoekuru shiohi kana

I hear the flute
from the mountain shrine -
ebb tide

Sasaki Yuufuu 佐々木有風 Sasaki Yufu (1891 - 1959)

. WKD : shiohi 汐干潮汐（しおひ） ebb tide .

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source :　丹後國加佐郡住人
Prince Shotoku Taishi on his Black Horse, in Kaii 甲斐の黒駒

里宮に黒駒太子黍の秋
satomiya ni Kurokoma Taishi kibi no aki

at the village shrine
resides Taishi on his Black Horse -
millet in autumn

Tachibanadera 橘寺 in Asuka, Nara, birthplace of Prince Shotoku

quote
In front of the temple is a bronze statue of a horse named Kurokoma [Black Pegasus] who was the beloved horse that Shōtōku Taishi used to ride to various localities to spread the word of Buddhism. It was also said the Prince often rode this horse to Ikaruga (Hōryū-ji Temple) and that the horse had miraculous powers, including the ability to fly.

With Shōtoku Taishi on his back, Kurokoma flew for three days and around the country, never tiring. Shōtoku Taishi left a stone memorial to the horse, which the great Buddhist monk Kōbō Daishi [774-835] later commented on during his trip to Tachibana Temple.
source : japantourist.jp/view

In Tohoku there are many temples with statues of Taishi on his Black Horse,
as part of the Mountain Religion 山岳宗教 of this region.

. Tachibanadera 橘寺 .

. Shotoku Taishi 聖徳太子 Shotoku Taishi .

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里宮も戸隠道も葛の秋
satomiya mo Togakushi michi mo kuzu no aki

at the village shrine
and at the road to Mount Togakushi -
arrowroot in autumn

. Togakushi Jinja 戸隠神社 Togakushi Shrine, Nagano .

. WKD : kuzu 葛 arrowroot, Pueraria lobata .

Nishimoto Itto 西本一都 (1907 - 1991)

quote
The World: Japan's Nature; A People Tremble in Harmony With the Land

Earth shakes, ground trembles.
With great weight of snow,
The tight rope snaps back.

Itto Nishimoto
source : www.nytimes.com/1995 - NICHOLAS D. KRISTOF

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Hotaka Jinja, Hodaka Jinja - Satomiya 穂高神社（里宮）

杣も来つ穂高里宮春まつり
soma mo kitsu Hotaka Satomiya haru matsuri

the woodcutters have also come -
shrine Satomiya at Mount Hotaka
at the spring festival

Watanabe Tatsuo 渡辺立男

The deity is Hodakami no Mikoto 穂高見命（ほだかみのみこと）
Hotakami no Mikoto.

- Reference - Hodaka Shrine -

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sonsha 村社 "villge shrine"

quote
Village shrines, a category of shrine stipulated under the shrine system established in the Meiji era. The broad categorization was between official shrines (kansha) and other shrines (shosha), and village shrines fell into the latter category, under gōsha. (goosha 郷社).

In the gōsha teisoku (Regulations for Rural District Shrines) of 1871, village shrines were defined as subordinate to gō shrines, but gradually thereafter they came to be recognized as an independent shrine rank. Generally, shrines dedicated to the village ujigami (tutelary deity) were those stipulated as sonsha.

At the end of the Pacific War, there were forty-four thousand nine hundred thirty-four sonsha; there were more of these than any other category bar those shrines of no rank (mukakusha). About one third of these sonsha were in receipt of public funds for offerings on the occasion of kinensai, the niinamesai and the shrine's own annual rites (reisai). After the war, in 1946, the shrine system was abolished, and the label of village shrine ceased to have official value.
source : Inoue Nobutaka, Kokugakuin, 2007

gōsha, goosha 郷社 "villge shrine"

quote
Rural District Shrines.
A shrine rank instituted in the Modern shrine ranking system. The modern shrine ranking system was divided into the two general categories of kansha (state shrines) and shosha (assorted shrines).

Gōsha were included in the latter category below the municipal and prefectural shrines and above village shrines (sonsha). Shrines dedicated to local protector deities (ubusunasha) in a given locality were nominated as gōsha. Under the 1871 gōsha regulations (gōsha teisoku), each district was allocated its own gōsha. In a district with multiple shrines venerating different protector deities, the most popular of them was designated gōsha.
From 1922, municipal districts and prefectures funded offerings to gōsha on the occasions of the Kinensai and Niinamesai rites, and also for the shrine's own annual festival (reisai). At the end of the war, the rank of gōsha disappeared with the abolition of the shrine ranking system.
source : Inoue Nobutaka, Kokugakuin 2007

. ujigami　氏神 tutelary deity, guardian/patron deity, clan deity .
and ubusunagami 産土神 God of one's birthplace
- - - - - ubusuna mairi 産土神参 etc.

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28/04/2013

Okumiya Shrines

This shrine stands at the end of the trail starting from Fujinomiya. Because Fuji itself is the god's body, there is no inner shrine, only outer and middle shrines.
source : www.fuji-hongu.or.jp

. Shrine, Shinto Shrine (jinja　神社) - Introduction .

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. Masaoka Shiki 正岡子規 visiting shrines and temples .

Trying to locate the various shrines and temples where Shiki wrote the following haiku.
If you know any location, please add it as a comment to this entry.
Thank you!

source :　hirokikurioka
Kibune Jinja 貴船神社 Kyoto

木の緑したゝる奥の宮居哉
ki no midori shitataru oku no miya i kana

the green of the trees
drips down to this
Okumiya shrine

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. Kibune Shrine 貴船神社 in the mountains of Kurama, Kyoto .
Kibune Jinja, Kifune Jinja 貴船神社

貴船川涼し涼しと奥宮へ
Kibunegawa suzushi suzushi to Okumiya e

the river Kibunegawa
so cool, so cool toward
the Okumiya shrine

Tomita Yoshie 富田よしえ

昼灯す貴船奥宮余花の雨
hiru tomosu Kibune Okumiya yoka no ame

to brighten the day
at Kibune Okumiya shrine,
late cherry blossoms in rain

Yoshida Sayuri 吉田百合子

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. Hotaka Jinja　穂高神社 Nagano .
and the Azumi clan　安曇族

source :　穂高神社　上高地明神池　奥宮
Hodaka Shrine Kamikochi - Okumiya (Hotaka Shrine)

穂高奥宮つゆけき目細鳴けるのみ
Hotaka Okumiya tsuyukeki meboso nakeru nomi

toward Okumiya of Mount Hotaka
all wet with dew, I narrow my eyes -
only birdsong

Yamashita Yoshiko 山下喜子

Stamp and inscription from the Okumiya, as a proof you have really been there.

. Hotaka Satomiya 穂高里宮 Village Shrine at Hotaka (Hodaka) .

HP of the shrine
長野県安曇野市穂高6079
source : www.hotakajinja.com

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Katori Okumiya 香取奥宮

白梅や香取奥宮黒づくめ
hakubai ya Katori Okumiya kurozukume

these white plum blossoms -
at Okumiya shrine of Katori
they begin to turn black

Naikai Ryoota 内海良太

. Katori Jinguu 香取神宮 Katori Shrine in Chiba .

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source :　goyoutyann.jugem.jp

Oku no miya of Mount Tsukuba 筑波の奥の宮 - 女体山の奥宮

威銃とどく筑波の奥の宮
odoshi todoku Tsukuba no Oku no Miya

deer scarer sounds
reach up to here - Mount Tsukuba
Oku no Miya

Hikita Hanako 疋田華子

. Mount Tsukuba and its shrines 筑波山神社 .

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夜ざくらやなほ奥宮へ石畳
飯野燦雨

奥宮にあしたより立つ夕立雲
松村蒼石

奥宮に祭の幟鳥さかる
高井北杜

奥宮の山雨に濡るる祭檜葉
つじ加代子

奥宮の御手洗小さし鴨足草
轡田進

奥宮の杉生香に立つ初明り
長尾久子

奥宮の留守の淋しさいさぎよし
下村梅子

奥宮の階に綿毛や暖め鳥
鳥越すみこ

奥宮は朝より暮色眼細鳴く
豊長みのる

奥宮は雲の中なり松毟鳥
篠田悌二郎

奥宮へ川床段々に貴船川
峰山清

奥宮へ石段つゞき花つゞき
藤後左右

奥宮へ磴あと幾つ木の実降る
加藤多眠王

奥宮へ辿りつきたる七五三
清崎敏郎

奥宮へ風か桜を渡り行く
川崎展宏

奥宮や蝉脱け出たる穴二つ
松本旭

奥の宮人は居らねど祭かな
比叡野村泊月

奥の宮修理なりたる木の芽かな
比叡野村泊月

梅雨茸を掃いて奥宮仕へかな
片桐孝明

菊戴奥宮の空ひらけたり
杉浦恵子

駈梵天奥の宮まで駈け通す Kake Bonten
宋岳人

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"Hodakayama"
Yoshida Hiroshi (1876-1950)

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. Yamamiya 山宮 Mountain Shrine - Satomiya　里宮 Village Shrine .

An "Uppermost Temple" is called "Oku no In" 奥の院. (TBA)

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27/04/2013

Gokoku Jinja

Gokoku Shrine of Hyogo prefecture in Himeji - 兵庫縣姫路護國神社

quote
Gokoku jinja
"Shrines for the protection of the nation,"
shrines dedicated to the spirits of individuals who died in Japanese wars from the end of the early modern period through World War II. Throughout most of the prewar period these shrines were known as shōkonsha or " spirit-inviting shrines," but all shōkonsha (over one hundred) built since the Meiji period were renamed gokoku jinja in 1939 following a Home Ministry ordinance issued that year.

The ordinance divided the shrines into two categories:
"specially selected gokoku jinja" designated by the Home Minister, and other gokoku jinja not so designated.

The "designated" shrines were in principle limited to one per prefecture, and the enshrined spirits (saijin) were likewise limited to those of people who had resided inside the respective prefecture. Each shrine was staffed by one chief priest and several associate priests.

None of the shrines were assigned honorific ranks (shakaku) within the modern shrine ranking system (see kindai shakaku seido), yet the ministerially designated shrines received treatment as de facto "prefectural shrines," while the other, non-designated shrines were considered equivalent to "village shrines."

Following Japan's defeat in World War II, the shrines were placed under strict observation by the occupation armies, and many of the shrines changed their titles, though most have today reverted to their original names. Since the war's end, the shrines have been divorced from national administration and have followed the pattern of other shrines, registering themselves as religious juridical persons and becoming independent religious corporations under the umbrella of the Association of Shinto Shrines (Jinja Honchō). In most cases, they have added to their lists of enshrined kami individuals who have died in service to local public organizations.
Tokyo's Yasukuni Jinja acted as the central or home shrine for gokoku jinja nationwide.
source : Inoue Nobutaka, Kokugakuin 2005

. Yasukuni Shrine 靖国神社 Yasukuni Jinja . Tokyo
Yasukuni matsuri 靖国祭 Yasukuni shrine festival
Shookonsai 招魂祭（しょうこんさい） Shokonsai, "soul summoning rite", "spirit inviting rite"

April 21 till 23 Shunki Reitaisai (Annual Spring Festival)
Purification ritual in the afternoon of 21. - Official prayers for the Dead on 22.

. Shrine, Shinto Shrine (jinja　神社) - Introduction .

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source :　isaniha.exblog.jp
sunset behind Gokoku shrine, Matsuyama

夕焼けて護国神社の裏しづか
yuuyakete Gokoku jinja no ura shizuka

at sunset
the back of the Gokoku shrine
is so quiet

. 飯田龍太 Iida Ryuta .

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source :　www.mapple.net/spots
Hida Takayama Gokoku Jinja, Gifu
岐阜県高山市堀端町90

高山の護国神社の栗小粒
Takayama no Gokoku jinja no kuri kotsubu

at the shrine
Gokoku jinja in Takayama
the chestnuts are small

source :　www.city.saga.lg.jp
Gokoku jinja in Saga town 佐賀県護国神社 with old camphor trees

楠かほる護国神社に詣づらく
kuzu kahoru Gokoku jinja no moodezuraku

fragrance of camphor -
the Gokoku shrine is difficult
to visit

. WKD : kusunoki 楠木 camphor tree .

Takazawa Ryooichi 高澤良一 Takazawa Ryoichi

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shookonsha 招魂社 "spirit-inviting shrine" - Shokon shrine

source :　川端たぬき
勝平得之「招魂社」（千秋公園八景）昭和八年
Painting from Showa 8. Chiaki Park, Akita - by Katsuhira Tokushi (1904 - 1970)

You can also see the cannon at the left side.

午砲まで蝉の鳴き降る招魂社
gohoo made semi no nakifuru shookonsha

till the midday cannon
there are only the cicadas shrilling
at the Shokon shrine . . .

. Tsukushi Bansei 筑紫磐井 .

Since 1871 it was customary to have a canon fired at 12:00 midday at the Imperial Palace in Tokyo to tell the time to the citizens.
In 1929 this custom was stopped and a siren sounded instead.

In the Edo period, when people did not own clocks, it was customary to ring the temple bell.
. toki no kane 時の鐘 the bell for telling time .

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寒紅梅馥郁として招魂社
kankoobai fujuiku to shite shookonsha

red plum blossoms in the cold
are just so fragrant -
Shokon Shrine

. Takahama Kyoshi 高浜虚子 .

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26/04/2013

Nagodera

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. 坂東三十三観音 Pilgrimage to 33 Kannon Temples in Bando .
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Nagodera 那古寺
Fudarasan Nagoji 補陀洛山那古寺 Fudara San Nago-Ji

located in the city of Tateyama in southern Chiba Prefecture, Japan.
The temple is also called "Nago-ji" using the alternate pronunciation of the final Chinese character in its name, or the "Nago Kannon" (那古観音), after its primary object of worship.

Nago-dera is located on the middle slopes of Mount Nago at the southern tip of the Bōsō Peninsula, and is surrounded by forest. The area around the temple has important stands of sudajii Castanopsis, the tabunoki machilus species of laurel, the yabunikkei species of cinnamomum, camellia and the himeyuzuri species of daphniphyllum.

History
According to temple legend contained in the Nago-dera engi text, Nago-dera was founded by the wandering holy ascetic Gyōki around 717 AD to pray for the recovery of Empress Genshō from an illness. However, no historical documents have survived to substantiate this legend, and the history of the temple is thus uncertain. Most of the temple was destroyed by a fire in 1703, and its oldest existing structures are its Hondō (本堂) main hall (1759) and Tahōtō (多宝塔) pagoda (1761), both of which are registered as Chiba Prefectural Important Cultural Properties.

Nago-dera was used as a place of worship by successive samurai and clans, starting with Minamoto Yoritomo (1147 – 1199), Ashikaga Takauji (1305 - 1358), Yoshizane Satomi (1412 – 1488) and members of the Tokugawa clan.

The temple currently belongs to the Shingon Chizan Sect of Japanese Buddhism. Its Gohonzon (primary object of veneration) is a bronze statue of Senju Kannon Bosatsu (千手観世音菩薩, Senju Kanseion Bosatsu),which dates from the Kamakura period. This statue is a national Important Cultural Property.
©　More in the WIKIPEDIA !

This temple is Nr. 33 on the pilgrimage to 33 Kannon temples in the Kanto region.
坂東三十三観音霊場33番

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Look at more photos here:
source : karopapa.cocolog-nifty.com

. Kannon Bosatsu 観音菩薩 .

眼前に春潮溢る那古観音
ganzen ni shunchoo afuru Nago Kannon

in front of my eyes
the spring tide is full -
Nago Kannon

Ishii Tooin 石井桐陰 Ishii Toin
Haiku poet of the Taisho and Meiji period.

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omamori お供物とお守り amulets and offerings

Look at more photos from the temple and spring festival
source : yoshi883t

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. Masaoka Shiki 正岡子規 visiting shrines and temples .

那古寺の椽の下より秋の海
Nagodera no en no shita yori aki no umi

below the veranda
of temple Nagodera
the sea in autumn

source :　4travel.jp/domestic

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補陀洛山那古寺の飛花は海へかな
Fudarasan Nagoji no hika wa umi e kana

from Fudara san
temple Nagoji the blossoms flutter
down to the sea . . .

Kawasaki Akiho 川崎晃帆

source :　landscape-photo.seesaa.net

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25/04/2013

Jinguu - Jingu Shrine

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Jinguu, jingû 神宮 Jingu. important shrine
kamumiya, kamu miya, kanmiya, kan miya

There are many shrines with this name in Japan.
For example

熱田神宮 Atsuta Jingu
平安神宮 Heian Jingu
伊勢神宮 Ise Jingu
明治神宮 Meiji Jingu

. WKD : Jinja　神社　Shinto Shrines - Introduction .

The title of jingû is the highest appellation; it includes Ise no Jingû and other special shrines dedicated to imperial ancestors or emperors or having an otherwise distinguished background.
. Daijinguu 大神宮 Daijingu .

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. Masaoka Shiki 正岡子規 visiting shrines and temples .

Trying to locate the various shrines and temples where Shiki wrote the following haiku.
If you know any location, please add it as a comment to this entry.
Thank you!

神宮の判すわりけり初暦
jinguu no han suwarikeri hatsugoyomi

the stamp
of the shrine right in the middle -
this new calendar

. hatsugoyomi 初暦 (はつごよみ) "first calendar" calendar for the New Year .

神宮館百彩暦 Calendar from Tokyo Jingu

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Iris at Meiji Jingu, Tokyo

神宮の菖蒲見てあり誕生日
jinguu no shoobu mite ari tanjoobi

looking at the iris
at Meiji Jingu -
my birthday

Oohashi Shuuooshi 大橋櫻坡子 Ohashi Shuoshi

. Meiji Jinguu 明治神宮 Meiji Jingu . Tokyo

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時の日や近江神宮御造営
青木月斗

神宮のどの木も蝉の木となりぬ
細川淳子

神宮の初鳩人に驚かず
小島富夫

神宮の副業という花菜漬
山縣輝夫

神宮の杜に二、三尾バチマグロ
攝津幸彦

神宮の沓に木の実のはずみけり
唯野嘉代子

種かしや太神宮へ一つかみ
其角

薪能平安神宮朱と緑
関口比良男

蚕屋くらき壁に神宮暦つつて
長谷川素逝

街に来る神宮の鳩春隣
村田脩

雨の中大神宮に札納
橋本こま女

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