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14/02/2019

Yamanokami Regional 28 Tochigi Tokushima Tokyo

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. Yama no Kami 山の神 Yamanokami - Introduction .
. Ta no Kami 田の神 Tanokami - Introduction .
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Yama no Kami 山の神 God of the Mountain and Legends
from 栃木県 Tochigi, 徳島県 Tokushima and 東京都 Tokyo

. Legends about Yamanokami 山の神と伝説　.

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.......................................................................　Tochigi　栃木県

山の神ドライブイン Yamanokami Drive-In
栃木県鹿沼市上粕尾/キャンプ場 / Kanuma city, Kamikasuo

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. kinki 禁忌 taboo and legends .
On the day when Yamanokami is counting the trees, people should not go to the forest. They might get hurt by cutting their arm with the hatchet or fall under a tree and die.
Yamanokami does not like to see blood.

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安蘇郡 Aso district 田沼町 Tanuma town

. Tengu daoshi 天狗倒し Tengu knocking down trees" .
If a forest worker takes a nap at lunch time, he calls out loud to Yamanokami: "Please, wake me up at xx time!" At the exact time there will be a sound of a large tree falling and the man will wake up. But no tree nearby has fallen down.
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. Yamanokamisama no yasumi ki 山の神様の休み木 Tree to rest .
A tree 三又のナラノキ / 楢 with three stems from the family of Quercus is sacred to Yamanokami, who comes here to rest.
in 1964, some people wanted to cut it down. A painful sound like ヒエーヒエー」 hiee hiee was heard from the cut. But someone said this was not the voice of Yamanokami and they continued without a problem.
- - - - -
Two fellows went to the forest to work. They were arguing if there was really a being like Yamanokami. On their way back home in the evening, the baskets on their backs were shaken heavily by Yamanokami.

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鹿沼市 Kanuma city

People who work in the forest are not allowed to pour soup over their cooked rice meals, because Yamanokami does not like that.

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鹿沼市 Kanuma city 粟野町 Awano machi town

Once a man was 炭焼き making charcoal on a cold winter night, when something black stuck to his throat. It might have been Yamanokami.
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Once the head of a family went to pray at the shrine of Yamanokami, who was his family deity. While he was there he saw a strange red face with white hair staring at him angrily. This was Yamanokami. The man was afraid and never came back to this shrine.

. ujigami 氏神 clan KAMI deities, family deity .

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那須郡　Nasu district 大山田村 Oyamada mura village

. kitsune densetsu 狐と伝説 fox legends .
If Yamanokami gets angry and envious, he might send a fox to kill a baby. Even if the mother thought she was holding it, suddenly the child was gone and found dead down in the well.

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.......................................................................　Tokushima 徳島県

峰八の「山の神神社」Minehachi no Yamanokami Jinja
Deity in residence is 大山積命.
峰八古墳群
- reference source and photos : sueyasumas.exblog... -

Yamanokami Kofun 山ノ神古墳
徳島県名西郡石井町石井 Myozai district, Ishii
- reference source : wikipedia 峰八古墳群 -

石井町における山の神の信仰
１．祠について
２．行事について
（１）祭り
（２）ヤマノクチアケ Yama no kuchi ake
（３）山の神講
３．山の神の祠一覧 (almost 20 Hokora shrines)
４．山の神の祠分布図
おわりに
- source and photos : library.tokushima-ec.ed.jp... -

. Yamanokami kofun 山の神古墳 Yamanokami tumulus of Japan .

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徳島県阿波市土成町吉田山の神、Awa City, Donari town, Yoshida, Yamanokami hamlet

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The third day of the third lunar month is called
shika no aku hi シカのアク日 in the local dialect. People do not work but celebrate with Yamanokami.
On the fourth day they stay at home and hope Yamanokami will come down to the fields to protect them as 田の神 Tanokami.
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In most hamlets people venerate Yamanokami. Before cutting down a tree, they pray at its roots. If they find special marks on the roots, they venerate this tree as sacred to Yamanokami and to not cut it down.

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海部郡 Ama district 宍喰町 Shishikui cho town

If someone immerses himself in the smoke at the fire of the Dondoyaki ritual, he will not loose much weight and strenght in summer.
The 20th day of the first lunar month is sacred to Yamanokami, who plants trees in the forest. So people should not cut trees on this day.

. dondon yaki どんどん焼き Dondon Fire Ritual, Dondo yaki .
- - - - -
If a tree begins to wither in the forest, it shows that Yamanokami had taken a pee here, so the tree should not be cut down.

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三好郡 Miyoshi district

The 9th day of each month is the festival day of Yamanokami. On this day people are now allowed to sumiyaki 炭焼き make charcoal or go to the mountain forest.
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There is a special place where the makers of wooden items venerate Yamanokami and other poeple are not allowed to go there.
If someone does, he will die a young man.
Since Yamanokami is also the deity 猿田彦 Sarutahiko, nobody may use the word saru 猿 / サル monkey while in the forest.

. kijishi 木地師 maker of wooden items, wood turner .
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. Yamanokami likes Okoze 虎魚 / 鰧魚 / オコゼ / ヲコゼ stonefish .
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. hebi 蛇と伝説 Legends about snakes and serpents .
hikagiri ヒカギリ Hikagiri is a form of Yamanokami and 水神 Suijin the Water Deity.
If someone is bitten by this snake, he will die the same day.
Once a man observed this snake trying to swallow a kiji キジ pheasant, tore it out of its mouth and went home. But the serpent followed him all the way and at the entrance of his house he gave it back to the serpent.

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The bird shijuukara 四十雀 Japanese tit (Parus minor) is 山の神の使い the messenger of Yamanokami.
If a hunter shoots it, the bird will fly up to heaven with a twig of Shikimi (hanashiba ハナシバ) in its beak.
On such a day the hunter should go home and pray.
In some parts of Japan this bird is seen as a harbinger of bad luck. Its voice is interpreted as
「親死ね子死ね、四十九日の餅をつけ」oya shine ko shine shijuukunichi no mochi o tsuke
. shikimi シキミ, 樒 Skimmia, Illicium religiosum .

Another messenger of Yamanokami is hikagiri ヒカギリ Hikagiri, a small serpent with a ring pattern around its neck.

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三好郡 Miyoshi district 東祖谷山村 Higashi Iyayamason village

Trees sacred to Yamanokami are not to be cut down.

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麻植郡 Oe district 山川町 Yamakawa cho town

. 山の神 and Tengu 天狗 the Mountain Goblin .
Once a man cut a branch from 銀杏 a Gingko tree which was in memory of the 赤穂浪士 Ako Roshi legend.
Since then there was often the sound of someone practising with the sword below the tree. But when looking closer, there was nobody.
The noise was also heard in 山の神の森 Yamanokami no Mori wood.
The person who cut down the Gingko tree was later killed, but he came back to life with the face of a Tengu.

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.......................................................................　Tokyo 東京都

（1月17日）は山の神のお祭りの日.
January 17 is the Festival of Yamanokami and Tokyo Wood Workers do not go to the forest.
- reference source : tokyowood.net/workers... -

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The 17th day of the third lunar month is sacred to Yamanokami.
On this day people do not go to the mountain forest. Once a man went anyway to collect maki マキ firewood and burned it in the middle of his field, but it started a real yamakaji 山火事 mountain fire.
- - - - -
In the hut where a dead body has been burned, people have to walk around three times before going in, lest Yamanokami will get angry and bewitch him.
Once a man became bewitched, went to the sea and drowned.
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. O-inu sama オイヌ様 / Oinusama 御犬様 O Inu Sama, Wolf Deity .
Once people quarreled about the existence of O-Inu Sama. The man who had insisted there was NO such Deity passed a spot where a creature with four legs stopped him from passing.

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神津島 Kozushima island 神津島村 Kozushima village

. Yamanokami and Tengu 天狗 the Mountain Goblin legends .
Once a man cut down sugi no ki 杉の木 an old cedar tree of more than 100 years, where Yamanokami (and his alter-ego, 大天狗・小天狗 Big and Small Tengu) reside).
The deity got very angry about loosing its home and killed all the members of the wood cutter's family.
To show his regret and apology, he planted a new tree.

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三宅島 Mitakejima Island 三宅村 Mitake mura village

If someone cuts down a tree sacred to Yamanokami, he will be bewitched, which is called
kirikomi キリコミ in the local dialect.

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西多摩郡 Nishi-Tama district 桧原村 Hinohara village

A Shaman has the ability to see the figure of the local deity.
At 和田の山 Mount Wadayama it is a hebi 蛇 serpent.
At 大沢の山 Mount Osawayama it is a small serpent
At another mountain, where the female Yamanokami went as a bride, it is a serpent with a large belly.

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- reference source : nichibun yokai database -

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. Legends about Yamanokami 山の神と伝説　.

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. Yama no Kami 山の神 - Table of Contents - .

. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

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sangaku shinkoo　山岳信仰 religion of the High Mountains is a different matter.

. Shrine, Shinto Shrine (jinja　神社) - Introduction .

. kami　神　Shinto deities - ABC-LIST - .

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- #yamanokami #godofthemountains #tanokami #tochigi #tokushima #tokyo -
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03/04/2021

Chinju sama Guardian legends

[ . BACK to DARUMA　MUSEUM　TOP . ]
. Shinto Shrines (jinja　神社) - Introduction .
. kami　神　Shinto deities .
. Japanese Legends - 伝説　民話　昔話 – ABC-List .
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Chinju Sama, Chinjusama 鎮守様 Guardian Deity Legends

. chinjugami　鎮守神 tutelary deities .
chinju 鎮守 regional deity, local deity
chinju doo 鎮守堂 Chinju-Do Hall for the Regional Kami, a kind of Hokora, tochidoo 土地堂 Tochi-Do.

. chinju no mori 鎮守の森 forest in the shrine compound .
. ujigami　氏神 / Ubusunagami clan KAMI deities .

. katame no Kami 片目の神 Kami with one eye .
They are often seen as Guardian Deities.

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. Shrine, Shinto Shrine (jinja　神社) - Introduction .

. kami　神　Shinto deities - ABC-LIST - .

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鎮守様の森で by 竹川新樹

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. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

.......................................................................　Aichi 愛知県 .....
岡崎市 Okasaki city 古部町 Kobu town

. ubugami 産神 "deity of birth" . - Ubusunagami 産土神
The real personality of the Ubugami is not quite clear. Nevertheless
it is 鎮守様 the Chinju Sama guardian deity of the village.

.......................................................................　Fukushima 福島県 .....
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Fukushima いわき市 Iwaki city 四倉町 Yotsukura town // 鎮守の杉

chinju no sugi 鎮守の杉 cedar tree of 鎮守様 the Chinju Sama guardian deity
About 40 years ago, a grandfather became wery ill for a long time.
In former times, his wife had hit a nail into sugi no ki 杉の木 a cedar tree to curse someone.
When they looked carefully at the tree, they found the nail.
This tree had been 鎮守の杉の木 the sacred cedar tree of 鎮守様 the Chinju Sama guardian deity.
When they pulled the nail out, the man got better.
. Wara ningyo 藁人形 straw dolls for curses .
the vodoo dolls.

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Fukushima 郡山市 Koriyama city 湖南町 Konan town

The 鎮守様 the Chinju Sama guardian deity is enshrined at 高井神社 the Shrine Takai Jinja.
The deity once hurt herself at goma no ki ゴマの木 a sesame tree and lost one eye.
Therefore the villagers do not grow sesame.
Some villagers have very narrow eyes.

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Fukushima 南会津郡 Minami-Aizu district 檜枝岐村 Hinoemata village

. bakeneko 化け猫 / 化猫と伝説 Legends about monster cats .
The 鎮守様 the Chinju Sama guardian deity of the village was a kind of monster that used to eat one virgin every year as an offering.
One villager took the courage, went to 伊勢の国 Ise to get a dog called 天地白 and brought it back.
The dog bit the monster to death. It turned out to be a
. Hihi 狒々/ 狒狒 / 比々 Hihi Baboon Monster .

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. hebi 蛇と伝説 Legends about snakes and serpents .
When women have to go to the mountain fields for work, they often stick a needle into their front hair.
Serpents are afraid of needles and do not come close.
There are also ritual chants that keep the serpents away.
In former times it was because of the blessings of 鎮守様 the Chinju Sama guardian deity that there were no serpents in the village.
Even nowadays, serpents are very few.

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If someone gets ill, they have to pray to 鎮守様 the Chinju Sama guardian deity.
If the illness is very severe, they call a priest to perform prayer rituals.
If the priest can not come, they use prayer amulets instead.

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鎮守様 the Chinju Sama guardian deity once slipped in a field of satoimo 里芋 taro potatoes
and lost her left eye in a field of goma 胡麻 sesame.
Since then the villages do not plant taro or sesame.
Many villagers have a small left eye.

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Fukushima 十日町市 Tokamachi city

鎮守様 the Chinju Sama guardian deity lost one eye when he slipped on wheat.
Since then the villagers do not plant wheat any more.

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Fukushima 耶麻郡 Yama district 高郷村 Takasato village

In former times, 鎮守様 the Chinju Sama guardian deity slipped on cow dung and fell into the well of the village.
Since then people do not keep cows and do not dig wells any more.

.......................................................................　Ibaraki 茨城県 .....
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龍ヶ崎市 Ryugasaki city

. Kokuzo Bosatsu 虚空蔵 and unagi 鰻 the eel .

.......................................................................　Kanagawa 神奈川県 .....
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横浜市 Yokohama city 港北区 Kohoku ward

鎮守様 The Chinju Sama guardian deity, which is 八幡様 Hachiman Sama, does not like silk,
therefore when they bring babies to the Shrine, they do not use silk hats or bibs.

.......................................................................　Niigata 新潟県 .....
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Niigata 北蒲原郡 Kita-Kanbara district 阿賀町 Aga town

neko 猫 cat and hebi 蛇 serpent
The villagers were told by a Shaman that there was a curse from cats and serpents.
They made votive paintings of a cat and a serpent
and gave it as offerings to 鎮守様 the Chinju Sama guardian deity

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Niigata 古志郡 Koshi district 山古志村 Yamakoshi village

The 鎮守様 the Chinju Sama guardian deity once hurt herself at goma no ki ゴマの木 a sesame tree and lost one eye.
Therefore the villagers do not grow sesame.

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Niigata 中頚城郡 Naka-Kubiki district 吉川町 Yoshikawa town

. The Ibaraki Doji Monster 茨城童子 / 茨羅鬼童子 .
Next to the boulder of 鎮守様 the Chinju Sama guardian deity of the village 尾神 Ogami,
the monster child Ibaraki Doji used to live.
Now there are only his footprints and 33 Buddha statue left.

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Niigata 中魚沼郡 Naka-Uonuma district 津南町 Tsunan town

. katame no kamisama 片目の神様 Kami with one eye .
鎮守様 The Chinju Sama guardian deity stepped on mugi 麦 wheat and fell down
then it hit one eye with goma ゴマ sesame and had only one eye left.
Since then the villagers do not grow wheat or sesame.

.......................................................................　Okayama 岡山県 .....
川上郡 Kawakami district 備中町 Bitchu town

. kitsune densetsu 狐と伝説 fox legends .
In the hamlet 布瀬 Nunose there is a small Sanctuary under a muku no ki 椋の木 Muku tree (Aphananthe aspera),
where kitsune sama キノネ様 a fox is venerated.
In local dialect it is also calld 鎮守様 the Chinju Sama guardian deity,
or マツリデン Matsuri Den or イワイデン Iwai Den, place for a festival .

.......................................................................　Tokushima 徳島県 .....
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平島村 Hirashima village

. Inugami 犬神 "Dog Deity" .
Once a kind man with a sanctuary for Inugami 犬神 the Dog Deity in his estate behaved quite strange.
In the back of his estate was a place to venerate 鎮守様 the Chinju Sama guardian deity.
In the building they found a small baby dog and then kept it.

.......................................................................　Tokyo 東京都 .....
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立川市 Tachikawa city

. Chinju Hachimangu 鎮守八幡宮 in Tama 武蔵国多摩郡 .

.......................................................................　Yamaguchi .....
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下関市 Shimonoseki city

mori sama 森さま The Honorable Forest
In the forest in the back of the estate of 内山家 the Uchiyama family, there is a sanctuary called
森さま Mori Sama. If it is cleaned regularly, the family will always have enough money.
It is 鎮守様 the Chinju Sama guardian deity of the family.
Once a man cut down matsu no ki 松の木 a pine tree in the forest, but he hurt himself very much.
. matsu 松と伝説 Legends about the pine tree / 松の木 matsu no ki .

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- reference : nichibun yokai database : 鎮守様 -
84 鎮守 / 31 鎮守の collecting
OK 鎮守の杉 / 鎮守の池 / 鎮守八幡宮

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- #chinjusama #guardiandeity #chinju #goshinju #チンジュサマ #shinju -
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20/08/2017

Yama no Kami 08 Regional

. yama-inu, yamainu　山犬、豺 "mountain dog" wolf legends Fukushima .

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Akagi Myojin 赤城明神 Kami from Mount Akagisan
赤城大明神　Akagi Daimyojin　
4 legends of its own

. 赤城と日光の戦い The fight of Akagi and Nikko .
the huge centipede from Akagi and the snake of Nikko.

. Akagi 赤城山の鬼と榛名山の鬼 Mount Akagi and mount Haruna Demon legends .
(tba)

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Bandai Myojin 磐梯明神 Kami from Mount Bandaisan

- source : Fukushima Furusato -
磐梯明神 Bandai Myojin shrine at the top of the mountain

. Tenaga Ashinaga 手長足長 "long arms, long legs" - monsters .
Once upon a time, there lived Tenaga and Ashinaga on Mount Bandaisan 磐梯山.

- quote -
Mount Bandai (磐梯山 Bandai-san) is a stratovolcano located in Inawashiro-town, Bandai-town, and Kitashiobara village, in Yama-Gun, Fukushima prefecture. It is an active stratovolcano located to the north of Lake Inawashiro. Mount Bandai, including the Bandai heights, belongs to the Bandai-Asahi National Park.
... Sacred Mountains
The Enichi Temple, located on the south-western foot of the Bandai Mountain, is surrounded by mountains where people come to worship; Mt. Bandai (north east to the temple), Mt. Mayadake (north to the temple), and Mt. Azuma (north to Mt. Bandai).
The temple has served a central role in mountain worship because of its location. The Enichi Temple was founded in 807 A.D., one year after Mt. Bandai erupted. Some people[who?] think that there is a connection between the eruption and the foundation of the Enichi Temple. Several routes for visiting Azumayama Shrine have been established, all originating from the main temple of the Enichi shrine.
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

. Enichiji 慧日寺 / 恵日寺 Enichi-Ji .
磐梯町大字磐梯字本寺上4950
and priest Priest Tokuitsu 得一徳溢

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. Kawakami Onsen 川上温泉 legend .
磐梯町 Bandai Town / 磐梯村 Baidaimura

. Bandai Atami no hariko 磐梯熱海の張り子 papermachee dolls .

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Oyamazumi Jinja 大山祇神社
Okuboko-1445-2 Nozawa, 西会津町 Nishiaizu-machi, Yama-gun, Fukushima

大山神社 Oyama Jinja
Once a farmer was late on his way back from Oyama Jinja and it begun to become dark. He almost lost his way. As he said prayers for divine help, it became all light in front of his eyes and an old man with a white beard showed him the way.
When he followed the path as the old man had told him, he found his way back home!

- Homepage of the Shrine Oyamazumi Jinja
- reference source : ooyamazumi.net ... -

Behind the shrine is a sacred cave. If a couple goes in there, Yamanokami becomes jealous and very angry.

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The 17th day of every month is a day to honor Yamanokami and people are now allowed to go into the mountain forests.
Yamanokami counts the trees and gets angry if disturbed.

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A tree with two or three very large branches is sacred to Yamanokami and may not be cut down.
If someone tries to cut it, he will find divine punishment.
If they need to be cut down, wood cutters have to make an offering of shinshu 神酒 ritual sake rice wine and ask Yamanokami permission to cut this tree.

- More legends about the
. shinboku 神木, shinju　神樹　sacred tree, divine tree .

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If a woman has difficulties giving birth, someone has to lead a horse to the mountain to invite Yamanokami for help. If the horse stops on the way up to the mountain, this means the female Yamanokami has climbed on the horse and is now ready to go down to help.
On the way back if the first person they meet is a man, the baby will be a boy.

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Once a hunter met a woman deep in the mountain forest.
The hunter sensed that this was Yamanokami, who wanted him to stop killing.
So he stopped killing the forest animals and all other animals.

.......................................................................

At the sanctuary for Yamanokami at 四倉浜志津 pregnant women can borrow a special
morokoshi-booki もろこしぼうき maize broom to help with an easy birth (to wipe the child out of her body).
After giving birth, she has to bring it back with special offerings.

. Brooms originated in Shinto Rituals .
Many legends and tales about the broom are related to giving birth.

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会津郡 Aizu district

Yamanokami is called
yoru no hime sama ヨルヒメサマ "princess of the night"

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福島市 Fukushima city

Yamanokami 山の神
An old man living in 屶振 Nataburi forgot to bring an offering to Yamanokami on the 17th day of the 10th lunar month. Next time when he wanted to go to the top of the mountain there came a wolf jumping at him and preventing him from going on. So he went down to a boulder in the valley and made his offering there, begging Yamanokami for forgiveness. This stone is there to our day.

Offering aburage アブラゲ fried tofu to Yamanokami makes him happy and the food is gone by next morning.

If someone experiences a calamity in the mountains, it is said to be the punishment of Yamanokami.

If there is a boulder having fallen down and making a road impassable, a prayer to Yamanokami will help to move the stone.

On the first day of the New Year and the 17th day of the second and tenth lunar month people are not allowed to go into the mountain forest. These are the days when the female Yamanokami comes down to the village. The 17th day of the second lunar month is the date for 山の神の祭日 the Yamanokami festival.

- - - - -

. Yamanokami and Tengu 天狗 the Mountain Goblin legends .

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福島市 Fukushima city 飯坂町 Iizaka

While walking and working in the mountain forest, it is not allowed to sing or recite サンサしぐれ / さんさ時雨 the Sansa Shigure, a folk song from Miyagi, dating back to 1589 and the warlord 伊達政宗 Date Masamune.
One must also try not to cough.

--------------------

Yamanokami no tomari ki 山の神の止まり木
A tree with three trunks at the top of the mountain is sacred to Yamanokami and is never cut down. Yamanokami likes to sit and rest on this tree.
Once a man from 南郷村 Nango village tried to cut such a tree, but died as the tree fell heavily on him.

.......................................................................
石川郡 Ishikawa district 平田村 Hirata

Once a man wanted to make charcoal, but his ax fell down every time he tried to cut a tree. This was the doing of Yamanokami.
Another man begun to sing while making charcoal, but was told by Yamanokami to stop because he had made an error.
Yamanokami if fond of folk songs, so people should not sing while working in the forest.

.......................................................................
いわき市 Iwaki town

On the first day of the 10th lunar month, all the Kami take off to 出雲 Izumo to have a rest and celebrate. This is called
kantachibi カンタチビ in the local dialect.
In the Iwaki region however, Kamadogami 竈神 the Kami of the kitchen hearth and Ebisu 恵比寿神 stay back where they always are.

. kannazuki, kaminazuki 神無月かんなづき "gods-absent month" .

.......................................................................
石城郡 Iwaki district / いわき市 / 田人村 / 田人町 Tabito village

If Yamanokami rides a horse, the poor animal will sweat very very much.

- - - - -

nihon tsuno no aru hebi 二本角のある蛇 serpent with two horns
Just a few years ago, from under a rock in the shrine for Yamanokami there came a serpent with two horns.
This must be the messenger of Yamanokami! It was placed in alcohol and can be seen to our day.

ツノクサリヘビ / 角鎖蛇 Tsuno kusari hebi

.......................................................................
郡山市 Koriyama 湖南町 Konanmachi

Takaiharayama no kamisama 高井原山の神様
Once there was a war. The Kami from Takaiharayama came flying to help. But he bumped into the rock エボシ石 Eboshi Ishi and cut his habaki はばき leg protection and thus could not go.
So the villagers built the shrine 高井神社 Takai Jinja and made offerings to these leg protections.

Mount Takaiharayama / Takaibarayama, 981 (969) m high.

高井神社 Takai Jinja
Kōriyama-shi, Konanmachi Miyo, Teranomae / 福島県郡山市湖南町三代寺ノ前

.......................................................................
南会津郡 Minami-Aizu district

. juuniyamagami 十二山神 Juni Yamagami .
Juni Yamagami is seen as husband and wife.

In Hinoemata village, hunters have to make ablutions with cold water and say prayers to the 十二様 Juni-Sama deities every morning before leaving their mountain huts.

.......................................................................
南会津郡 Minami-Aizu district 檜枝岐村 Hinoemata

Yamanokami koo 山の神講 prayer group for Yamanokami
All the menfolk from 18 to about 30 years take part in this group. Twice a year in Spring and Autumn, they gather at the home of the village head, bring food offerings, hang a scroll of Yamanokami and burn lights until the next morning. They eat rice cakes and drink a lot of sake 酒 rice wine.

If there has been a misfortune in the village, they have to start all the rituals again
matsuri naoshi まつりなおし .
The hunterns and tree cutters have to go down to the village to take part in the new rituals. Sometimes they bring a head or breast bones of a bear as offerings. In that case the heart of the bear is shared as a special food treat with Yamanokami at his festival, matsuri no sakana 祭りの肴.
Sometimes the liver is also eaten as an offering.
The kidneys and breast meat is put on sticks, grilled and eaten. This is called
Yamanokami no shishi 山の神のしし.

- - - - -

kijiya 木地屋 wood workers making tools and toya are called やまうど（山人）yamaudo, yama-udo "mountain people". They celebrate in their prayer group on the first day of the New Year and the tenth month, each time in a different home of the members. They also have a feast. In former times women were not allowed to join the groups, but recently they may come and help with the cooking and kitchen work.
Before going to work, day pray to Yamanokami, まつりたて Matsuritate.
They also make mochi 餅 rice cakes and grill them on sticks, putting miso paste on them to eat.

At the kariba 狩場 hunting place, hunters have to venerate Yamanokami on three days:
first day はつこば　hatsu koba
third day みっかのさび mikka no sabi
seventh day 七日さび nanoka sabi

- - - - -

ooshida no ki おおしだの木 huge Shida fern tree
Branches of this tree are cut and used as ritual wands for the festival of Yamanokami at the hunter's place.

- - - - -

oo-oni 大鬼 huge Oni Demon
At a flat place named 五十人小屋場 "a hut for 50 people" in the mountain forest, hunters erected a hut. At night a strange monster with three nails begun to scratch at the hut. The leader of the hunters made ablutions in water and prayed to Yamanokami. Thus the monster left.
The next morning at the well there was a huge monster with a very large head, as huge as a large cooking pot.
The leader felt he had not enough power to cope with this, renounced to be leader and left for the valley. The others also voted to go down with him.
On the way down they met a mother with her child, trying to climb up. They asked her to stay away from the mountian, but she refused and went up, never to be seen again.

- - - - -

サルマ Saruma and アラバ Araba
Once the ancestors of two hunter families, サルマ Saruma and アラバ Araba were in the mountains hunting bears when they witnessed the female Yamanokami giving birth.
The Araba hunters left the place soon and did not help.
The Saruma hunters made a ritual wand with the Sakaki tree branch to purify the place.
The Araba later ate the meat of the bear, but all died.

- - - - -

. okoze 虎魚 / オコゼ stonefish offerings for Yamanokami .

.......................................................................
南会津郡 Minami-Aizu district 南郷村 Nango village

Yamanokami is seen as female.
.
Once a mother went to a diviner, because her young son was very ill.
The shaman told her she should pray to the Yamanokami of mount 大宮鉱山 Omiya Kozan, which had been a mine, closed about 40 years ago.
The mother did as told and her son got well, could graduate from school and find a job.

- reference source : ja7fyg.sakura.ne.jp/kouzan... -

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相馬市 Soma town

. Hayama Jinja 葉山神社 Hayama Shrine .
shintaku 神託 oracles, divination / 黒沼神社 Kuronuma Jinja, Matsukawa, Kanezawa

- - - - -

oonyuudoo 大入道 Onyudo monster
Oncxe an Onyudo monster sat high in an old Japanese oak acorn tree (nara 楢),
A farmer shot at it with a gun. At the first shot he had no hit. After a few more shots he also did not have the feeling of a hit.
He asked a hooin 法印 Buddhist priest for advise. He told him the Onyudo was maybe attracted by Yamanokami.

. Oonyuudoo 大入道 O-Nyudo Monster - Introduction .

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耶麻郡 Yama district 高郷村 Takasato mura

miko ミコ shrine maiden
Once in a family in 西羽賀 Nishi-Haga their child fell from the river bank and died.
They asked a shrine maiden for an oracle to find the reason why this happened.
Part of their farm land was a place where Yamanokami used to be venerated. Since they had not gone there to pray, this was his punishment.
Since then every year on the 19th day of the 9th lunar month, they go praying at this place.

- - - - -

A hoo no ki 朴の木 Magnolia hypoleuca tree with three trunks is sacred to Yamanokami and is not to be cut down.
Other large Magnolia trees of this kind are also sacred to him, If they need to be cut down, wood cutters have to make an offering of shinshu 神酒 ritual rice wine and ask Yamanokami permission to cut this tree.

. shinboku 神木, shinju　神樹　sacred tree, divine tree .

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- reference source : nichibun yokai database -

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. Legends about Yamanokami 山の神と伝説　.

from Gifu 岐阜県 to 山梨県 Yamanashi - will be updated.

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- - - - - . Join the Updates of Facebook ! . - - - - -

. Yama no Kami 山の神 - Table of Contents - .

. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

sangaku shinkoo　山岳信仰 religion of the High Mountains is a different matter.

. Shrine, Shinto Shrine (jinja　神社) - Introduction .

. kami　神　Shinto deities - ABC-LIST - .

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- #yamanokami #godofthemountains #fukushima #bandaisan #hayama -
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19/08/2017

Yama no Kami 05 Regional

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. Yama no Kami 山の神 Yamanokami - Introduction .
. Ta no Kami 田の神 Tanokami - Introduction .
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Yama no Kami 山の神 God of the Mountain
and Legends from Aichi to Yamanashi

- see below for
- - - - - the sacred 榊 Sakaki Tree
- - - - - hakuba 白馬 Yamanokami riding on a white horse

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source : foshanshuan.pixnet.net/album...
木雕工藝佛具-白馬神駒 - A white horse from China

. uma 馬 koma 駒伝説　horse legends .

. Yamanokami and Tengu 天狗 the Mountain Goblin .

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- reference source : nichibun yokai database -

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. sakaki さかき / サカキ /榊 Sakaki tree, Cleyera japonica .
Its branches are used for Shinto rituals.

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.......................................................................　Chiba 千葉県 .....
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長生郡 Chosei district 長柄町 Nagara

trees sacred to Yamanokami, not to be cut down in ti town of Nagara
-- tarai no ki タライの木 Ilex latifolia - it is used for funeral equipment.
(tarayoo タラヨウ / 多羅葉)
-- Trees growing near a shrine or place sacred to Inari Sama
-- sakaki 榊 Sakaki tree, Cleyera japonica

Yama no Kamisama 山の神様
The 金比羅 Konpira Shrine is dedicated to Yamanokami. On nights with a full moon the God comes out, has a drink and sings.
Yamanokami is also linked to 天狗 Tengu.

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夷隅郡 Isumi district 御宿町 Onjuku

Yama no Kami San 山の神さん - white horse
Day 19 and 20 of the first lunar month are dedicated to Yamanokami.
Once an old woman went to her mountain anyway when she saw a person on hakuba 白馬 a white horse, wearing red robes and making her terribly afraid. She apologized but suddenly all went black around her. When she came to her senses, people had thrown water on her to wake her up.

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八千代市 Yachio

Yamanokami 山の神
A man named 蜂谷竹吉 Hachiya Takekichi had been spirited away (kamikakushi カミカクシ) by Yamanokami when he was in primary school.
When he came back he had a bruise at his temple and did not remember anything.

.......................................................................　Kochi 高知県 .....

炭焼達 charcoal makers who own only a small mountain forest do not worry about using the Sakaki tree.
But the owners of large mountain forests respect the Sakaki as a "taboo tree".

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幡多郡 Hata district 大正町 Taishocho

Yamanokami 山の神 - Sakaki
The Sakaki trees located between the mountain and the valley are the seat of Yamanokami and can not be cut down.
谷榊うね榊　(尾根 une). This tree is an imi-ki 忌み木 "taboo tree".

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中村市 Nakamura town

Yamanokami 山の神 - Sakaki
Sakaki trees that have grown very large in the mountain forest are sacred to Yamanokami and not to be cut down.

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土佐郡 Tosa district

Yamanokami 山の神 - Sakaki
Once a young man came home from working in the mountain forest when his leg begun to hurt very much. When asking a 太夫 Shaman about it, he was told it was the curse of Yamanokami for cutting down his sacred tree. He apologized and brought sacred branches of Sakaki and kashiwa 柏 oak. At the root of the tree they offered 12 白餅 white mochi rice cakes and buried them under the low branches. After all that, his pain was soon better.

.......................................................................　Kumamoto 熊本県 .....
玉名郡 Tamana district 玉東町 Gyokuto - 木葉 Konoha hamlet

Yamanokami 山の神 - Sakaki
The origin of 木葉猿 Konoha Saru 木の葉猿 monkey from Konoha
In the year 723 the tradition started with a monkey as the messenger from the deity Yamanokami. The monkey had a rather red face and a long nose.
His name was given as 真榊の真幸 Ma-Sakaki no Masaki.

meshikui zaru 飯喰猿 monkey eating rice balls

These monkeys are made from special sacred red earth and are all hand-twisted, thus all have an individual touch.
Now they are well-loved amulets to ward off evil and disaster, prevent illness and keep a happy family.

source :　niconiconico

The original kiln in Konoha makes 15 different types of monkeys.
The name of the village was then written like this, meaning
tooth of a tiger 虎の歯（このは）
where refugees from the capital lived. One of them had a dream sent from the deity of
Kasuga Daimyoojin 春日大明神 to use the clay of the local mountain 汝等雨山 and make the monkeys as his messengers.

木の葉猿窯元 Konoha Kiln
〒869-0303 熊本県玉名郡玉東町木葉60

. Mingei 民芸 Folk art from Kumamoto .

.......................................................................　Miyazaki 宮崎県 .....
児湯郡 Koyu district 都農町 Tsuno

白馬 white horse
Once there was a strange sound in the village, カツ、カツ、カツ gatsu gatus gatsu . . .
The young men of the village wanted to find out what this was about so they got up early and hid.
They saw a beautiful strong white horse riding in the morning mist.
This story became quite famous and since the horse usually disappeared in the deep mountain forest, they were sure it was Yamanokami riding it.

.......................................................................　Shimane 島根県 .....
飯石郡 Iishi district

Yamanokami San 山の神さん - Sakaki
At 穴見谷 Anamidani and 大向 Omukai there are special rituals on the 14th,
At 井原谷 Ibaradani there are special rituals on the 16th.
The evening of these days is called ホトホト Hotohoto.
Young men make 藁で馬 horses of straw, calling Hotohoto and throwing one at each home.
This sacred horse is placed on the shelf where Yamanokami is revered.
He is also called Aragami 荒神 Wild God and people place Sakaki branches to appease him.

.......................................................................　Yamagata 山形県 .....
岩野村 Iwano mura village

白馬 white horse
獄山 Takesan at the beginning of the climbing trail at Iwano Village is said to be a place for Yamanokami.
In the 天正 Taisho period, the God became angry, caused a huge mountain slide and earth and sand flow down to the village, covering all.
After the devastation, a white horse was seen riding straight to the sky.

.......................................................................　Yamanashi 山梨県 .....
南都留郡 Minami-Tsuru district 山中湖村 Yamanakako village

白馬 white horse
A Rokubu pilgrim once had a dream of Yamanokami riding a white horse. Yamanokami told him that a man named 楽ジン Rakujin ("easy going") and a kojiki 乞食 beggar-priest's wife had become pregnant.
When he got up next morning, he found the pregnant woman.
The daughter of the beggar-priest eventually married the son of Rakujin and for three years they lived an easy life (raku 楽). Then his parents found out she was the daughter of a beggar-priest, they had to divorce and the girl had to go away to work.
After that, the easy-going Rakujin had no more fun and his life went downhill.

. 六部 Rokubu pilgrimage, Rokubu pilgrim .

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. Yama no Kami 山の神 - Table of Contents - .

. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

sangaku shinkoo　山岳信仰 religion of the High Mountains is a different matter.

. Shrine, Shinto Shrine (jinja　神社) - Introduction .

. kami　神　Shinto deities - ABC-LIST - .

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

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31/01/2015

miko shrine maiden

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miko 巫女 shrine maiden, female shrine attendant
kannagi 巫女 (かんなぎ)
okorago 御子良子 shrine maidens at Ise Shrine

- quote
A general term for a woman possessing the magico-religious power to receive oracles (takusen) from the kami in a state of spirit possession (kamigakari). Nowadays the term generally refers to a woman who assists shrine priests in ritual or clerical work. The word may be written with various characters (巫女、神子、巫子). Among miko there is a significant distinction between those female priests who have historically been attached to a shrine and those who are separate from shrines and either are settled in a village or travel the countryside as magical kitōshi (see kitō). Under the ritsuryō system, in the Jingikan female priests were called mikannagi, while they were called mikanko in the Shoku Nihongi.

In the Wakun no shiori, miko is described as the general term, while female norito performers are referred to as mikanko, and it further explains that miko can be written with different characters. The etymology of the word is unclear, but it may be an abbreviated expression of kamiko, the substance (monozane) in or upon which the kami manifests itself. It can also be thought of as a transformation of the honorific term miko (御子), indicating spiritual power and high birth.

In the past, a variety of related positions were found at different shrines: miyanome at Ōmiwasha, sōnoichi at Atsuta Jingū, itsukiko at Matsuno'o Taisha, monoimi at Kashima Jingū, naishi at Itsukushima Jinja, waka at Shiogama Jinja, and nyobettō at Ideha Jinja (Hagurosan). In ancient times miko acted as ritualists for the kami who possessed magical capabilities, as in the examples of Amenouzume no mikoto, Yamato totohi momoso hime no mikoto, Yamato hime no mikoto, and Empress Jingū. Eventually, however, male kannushi, hafuri, and negi took their place, and miko came to be placed in roles assisting these male ritualists, according to one theory.

Peregrinating and settled miko may be seen historically nationwide, performing magic and kitō (invocations of divine power) or transmitting the words of the dead. These unaffiliated miko exerted a great influence on folk religion and the verbal arts. Such women who serve miko-like functions may still be observed in some areas, and women performing similar functions may also be found in Shinto-derived new religions.
- source : Kokugakuin, Nishimuta Takao

. Autumn Festival in Sakai, Okayama .

- quote
A miko (巫女) is a Shinto term of Japan, indicating a shrine (jinja) maiden or a supplementary priestess who was once likely seen as a shaman but in modern Japanese culture is understood to be an institutionalized role in daily shrine life, trained to perform tasks, ranging from sacred cleansing to performing the Kagura, a sacred dance.
- Physical description
- Definition
- History of Mikoism
- Contemporary miko
. . . The ethnologist Kunio Yanagita (1875–1962), who first studied Japanese female shamans, differentiated them into
jinja miko (神社巫女 or "shrine shamans") who dance with bells and participate in yudate (湯立て or "boiling water") rituals,
kuchiyose miko (口寄せ巫女 or "spirit medium shamans") (itako　いたこ） who speak on behalf of the deceased, and
kami uba (神姥 or "god women") who engage in cult worship and invocations (for instance, the Tenrikyo founder Nakayama Miki). . . .
- Miko in popular culture
- - - More in the WIKIPEDIA !

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miko suzu, mikosuzu 巫女鈴 ritual bells of a Miko

. . . CLICK here for Photos !

- quote
巫女鈴 - 17th century ~ Miwa, Nara Prefecture.
The rare suzu contains twelve barrel-shaped crotal bells. A five-lobed metal hand guard with flower motifs and openwork hearts bears a hidden inscription on its underside. It reveals the history and use of the instrument, stating that this Shinto instrument was used by miko (a supplementary priestess) Kuriyama Kamiko for the worship of the Miwa Miyojin deity at Miwa, a town in Soe County, Nara Prefecture. It also bears a date of 1699.

The term suzu refers to two Japanese instruments associated with Shinto ritual:
a round, hollow bell that contains pellets, having a slit on one side or a handheld bell-tree with small crotal bells strung in three levels on a wire. It is said that ringing them calls kami, allowing one to acquire positive power and authority, while repelling evil. A set of bells used in Kagura dance (神楽, "god-entertainment") is called Kagura suzu (神楽鈴, "divine entertainment bells").
Suzu come in many sizes, ranging from tiny ones on good luck charms to large ones at shrine entrances.
- source : facebook

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- Reference : 日本語

- Reference : English

. Shrine, Shinto Shrine (jinja　神社) - Introduction .

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- - - - -　 H A I K U　 - - - - -

source :　www.isekitamikado.com
MIKO 中世の巫女(みこ)

御子良子の一本ゆかし梅の花　
okorago no hitomoto yukashi ume no hana

the shrine maidens
with just one lone tree
of plum blossoms
Tr. Gabi Greve

. Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉　.
at Ise Jingu 伊勢神宮 Grand Shrine at Ise

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巫女に狐恋する夜寒かな
kannagi ni kitsune koi suru yosamu kana

Shrine-maidens are
Much loved by foxes
In the cold of night.
Tr. McAuley

河内路や東風吹き送る巫が袖
kawachiji ya kochi fuki okuru miko ga sode

Kawachi Road -
the east wind in spring blows
the sleeves of shrine maidens
Tr. Gabi Greve

巫女町によききぬすます卯月かな
miko machi ni yoki kinu sumasu uzuki kana

Where the shrine maidens dwell
They're washing out their summer clothes:
The Fourth Month is here!
Tr. McAuley

At the shrine maidens' street
ceremonial robes being washed --
early summer.
Tr. Sawa/ Shiffert

The road from Yodo to Kawachi. Now part of Osaka.

. Yosa Buson 与謝蕪村 .
(1715-1783)

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神主のまはりの落葉巫女も掃く
中里北水

木犀や社家の子ゆゑの巫女づとめ
西村数

禰宜吶々巫女蝶々畳替
神尾季羊

舟で来る菖蒲祭の禰宜と巫女
井原久子

巫女が行き花嫁が行く夏木立小堀紀子
巫女だまりより蒲公英の絮飛べり飯森茂之
巫女だまり火の熾りゐる淑気かな中野彰一
巫女となる一と間とざせり寒紅梅中戸川朝人
巫女に吹く住吉の風の寒の風米沢吾亦紅
巫女に恋したりままこのしりぬぐひ加藤三七子
巫女に見ゆ乙女のうれひ花うつぎ亀井糸游

巫女のみごとりてより春の闇飯田蛇笏
巫女の初髪吉備津結びなる細川子生
巫女の剣佩きたる雪月夜飯田蛇笏霊芝
巫女の手は衣にかくす里神楽斉藤夏風
巫女の指細し病葉拾ふとき原川雀
巫女の振る鈴に白露の闇動く江田居半
巫女の掌に蚕神(おしら)遊ぶや旱り熔岩角川源義
巫女の秘む幼き恋や龍の玉中山輝鈴
巫女の緋は春の水皺に綾なせる阿部みどり女
巫女の舞ふ鈴の音とほる青茅の輪池田博子
巫女の舞ふ鈴より春の寒さかな石山民谷
巫女の袖触れし天神花を享く後藤比奈夫
巫女の鈴こだまとなりて杜小春石川規矩子
巫女の鈴りりちりち砂灼けにける伊藤敬子
巫女の髪水引を懸け神迎安西閑山寺
巫女の髪解かずに下向革コート河野頼人
巫女の髪髪切虫が切りに来し村上冬燕

巫女ひとりゐる大宮の芦の絮北山春子
巫女ふたり打つ七草のせりなづな蒲幾美
巫女も出て陽明門の煤払ふ鈴木朗月
巫女も持つ時代祭の長刀を岸風三楼往来
巫女ゆききして玉虫の育つ森神尾久美子
巫女より郭公やさし六地蔵文挟夫佐恵雨月
巫女をおろしてしのぶ文字ずり良夜かな加藤郁乎
巫女一つづつ雲丹海に雲丹供養上甲明石
巫女囃子遠くにリラの花匂ふ西村公鳳
巫女市の霧大粒に湖わたる角川源義
巫女市霊界に柵めぐらして三好潤子
巫女溜りはなやいでゐる雛納め鈴木智子
巫女町のあかつき起や萩が花妻木松瀬青々
巫女白し炭をつかみし手をそゝぐ前田普羅

巫女舞の扇の先の青嶺かな佐野典子
巫女舞の稽古の日々や神無月岩城鹿水
巫女舞の稽古はじめや楠若葉堀井より子
巫女舞の花をうながす足拍子伊藤京子
巫女舞は注連の几帳にかくれつゝ高浜虚子
巫女舞を見せられ屠蘇に酔ひにけり小路紫峡

Many more haiku about the miko
- source : HAIKUreikuDB

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Suzuki Harunobu 鈴木晴信　(1725 - 1770)

巫女の髪麻で束ねて更衣
miko no kami asa de tabanete koromogae

the hair of the Miko
is bound by a hemp string -
changing of the robes

永岡好友　Nagaoka Yoshitomo (1939 - )

. koromogae 更衣 changing of the robes .
- kigo for summer -

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. Legends and Tales from Japan　伝説 - Introduction .

- reference : nichibun yokai database 妖怪データベース -
115 to explore

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